(a) General—(1) Definitions. The following definitions apply for purposes of this section:

(i) Date of exportation. Date of exportation means the date of importation into Canada or Mexico as reflected on the applicable Canadian or Mexican entry document (see § 182.47(c)(1) and (2) of this subpart).

(ii) Duty-deferral program. A duty-deferral program means any measure which postpones duty payment upon arrival of a good in the United States until withdrawn or removed for exportation to Canada or Mexico or for entry into a Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program. Such measures govern manipulation warehouses, manufacturing warehouses, smelting and refining warehouses, foreign trade zones, and those temporary importations under bond that are specified in paragraph (b)(5) of this section.

(2) Treatment as entered or withdrawn for consumption—(i) General.

(A) Where a good is imported into the United States pursuant to a duty-deferral program and is subsequently withdrawn from the duty-deferral program for exportation to Canada or Mexico or is used as a material in the production of another good that is subsequently withdrawn from the duty-deferral program for exportation to Canada or Mexico, and provided that the good is a “good subject to USMCA drawback” within the meaning of 19 U.S.C. 4534 and is not described in § 182.45 of this subpart, the documentation required to be filed under this section in connection with the exportation of the good will, for purposes of this chapter, constitute an USMCA entry or withdrawal for consumption and the exported good must be subject to duty which will be assessed in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.

(B) Where a good is imported into the United States pursuant to a duty-deferral program and is subsequently withdrawn from the duty-deferral program and entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico or is used as a material in the production of another good that is subsequently withdrawn from the duty-deferral program and entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico, and provided that the good is a “good subject to USCMA drawback” within the meaning of 19 U.S.C. 4534 and is not described in § 182.45 of this subpart, the documentation required to be filed under this section in connection with the withdrawal of the good from the U.S. duty-deferral program will, for purposes of this chapter, constitute a USMCA entry or withdrawal for consumption and the withdrawn good must be subject to duty which will be assessed in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.

(C) Any assessment of duty under this section must include the duties and fees referred to in § 182.42(a) and (b) of this subpart and the fees provided for in § 24.23 of this chapter; these inclusions will not be subject to refund, waiver, reduction or drawback.

(ii) Bond requirements. The provisions of § 142.4 of this chapter will apply to each withdrawal and exportation transaction described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. However, in applying the provisions of § 142.4 of this chapter in the context of this section, any reference to release from CBP custody in § 142.4 of this chapter will be taken to mean exportation to Canada or Mexico.

(iii) Documentation filing and duty payment procedures—(A) Persons required to file. In the circumstances described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the documentation described in paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(B) of this section must be filed by one of the following persons:

(1) In the case of a withdrawal of the goods from a warehouse, the person who has the right to withdraw the goods in accordance with § 144.31 of this chapter;

(2) In the case of a temporary importation under bond (TIB) specified in paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the TIB importer whether or not it sells the goods for export to Canada or Mexico unless § 10.31(h) of this chapter applies; or

(3) In the case of a withdrawal from a foreign trade zone, the person who has the right to make entry (see § 146.62 of this chapter). However, if a zone operator is not the person with the right to make entry of the good, the zone operator will be responsible for the payment of any duty due in the event the zone operator permits such other person to remove the goods from the zone (§§ 146.67 and 146.68 of this chapter) and such other person fails to comply with the requirements of this provision.

(B) Documentation required to be filed and required filing date. The person required to file must file CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, no later than 10 working days after the date of exportation to Canada or Mexico or 10 working days after the goods' being entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico. Except where the context otherwise requires and except as otherwise specifically provided in this section, the procedures for completing and filing CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, in connection with the entry of merchandise under this chapter will apply for purposes of this paragraph. For purposes of completing CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, under this paragraph, any reference to the entry date will be taken to refer to the date of exportation of the good or the date the good is entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico. The CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, required under this paragraph, may be transmitted electronically. See §§ 141.62, 141.63, and 144.38 (bonded warehouse) of this chapter.

(C) Duty payment. The duty estimated to be due under paragraph (b) of this section must be deposited with CBP 60 calendar days after the date of exportation of the good. If a good is entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico, the duty estimated to be due under paragraph (b) of this section, but without any waiver or reduction provided for in that paragraph, must be deposited with CBP 60 calendar days after the date the good is entered into such duty-deferral program. Nothing precludes the deposit of such estimated duty at the time of filing the CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, under paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(B) of this section or at any other time within the 60-day period prescribed in this paragraph. However, any interest calculation will run from the date the duties are required to be deposited.

(3) Waiver or reduction of duties—(i) General. Except in the case of duties and fees referred to in § 182.42(a) and (b) of this subpart and fees provided for in § 24.23 of this chapter, CBP may waive or reduce the duties paid or owed under paragraph (a)(2) of this section by the person who is required to file the CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent (see paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section) in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, provided that a claim for waiver or reduction of the duties is filed with CBP within the appropriate 60-day time frame. The claim must be based on evidence of exportation or entry into a Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program and satisfactory evidence of duties paid in Canada or Mexico (see § 182.47(c) of this subpart).

(ii) Filing of claim and payment of reduced duties. A claim for a waiver or reduction of duties under paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section must be made on CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, which must set forth, in addition to the information required under paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(B) of this section, a description of the goods exported to Canada or Mexico, and the Canadian or Mexican import entry number, date of importation, tariff classification number, rate of duty and amount of duty paid. If a claim for reduction of duties is filed under this paragraph, the reduced duties must be deposited with CBP when the claim is filed.

(iii) Drawback on goods entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico. After goods within a duty-deferral program in the United States, which were exported from the United States and entered into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico, are then withdrawn from that Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program either for entry into Canada or Mexico or for export to a non-USMCA country, the person who filed the CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent and the information required in paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(B) of this section, may file a claim for drawback if the goods are withdrawn within five years from the date of the original importation of the good into the United States. If the goods are entered for consumption in Canada or Mexico, drawback will be calculated in accordance with § 182.44 of this subpart.

(4) Liquidation of entry—(i) If no claim is filed. If no claim for a waiver or reduction of duties is filed in accordance with paragraph (a)(3) of this section, CBP will determine the final duties due under paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section and will post a notice of liquidation of the entry filed under this section in accordance with § 159.9 of this chapter. Where no claim was filed in accordance with this section and CBP fails to liquidate, or extend liquidation of, the entry filed under this section within one year from the date of entry, upon the date of expiration of that one-year period the entry will be deemed liquidated by operation of law in the amount asserted by the exporter on the CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, filed under paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section. A protest under 19 U.S.C. 1514 and part 174 of this chapter must be filed within 180 days from the date of liquidation under this section.

(ii) If a claim is filed. If a claim for a waiver or reduction of duties is filed in accordance with paragraph (a)(3) of this section, an extension of liquidation of the entry filed under this section will take effect for a period not to exceed three years from the date the entry was filed. Before the close of the extension period, CBP will liquidate the entry filed under this section and will post a bulletin of liquidation in accordance with § 159.9 of this chapter. If CBP fails to liquidate the entry filed under this section within four years from the date of the entry, upon the date of expiration of that four-year period the entry will be deemed liquidated by operation of law in the amount asserted by the exporter on the CBP Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, filed under paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section. A protest under 19 U.S.C. 1514 and part 174 of this chapter must be filed within 180 days from the date of liquidation under this section.

(b) Assessment and waiver or reduction of duty—(1) Manipulation in warehouse. Where a good subject to USMCA drawback under this subpart is withdrawn from a bonded warehouse (see 19 U.S.C. 1562) after manipulation for exportation to Canada or Mexico or for entry into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico, duty will be assessed on the good in its condition and quantity, and at its weight, at the time of such withdrawal from the warehouse and with such additions to, or deductions from, the final appraised value as may be necessary by reason of its change in condition. Such duty must be paid no later than 60 calendar days after the date of exportation or of entry into the duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, except that, upon filing of a proper claim under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the duty will be waived or reduced in an amount that does not exceed the lesser of the total amount of duty payable on the good under this section or the total amount of customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico.

(2) Bonded manufacturing warehouse. Where a good is manufactured in a bonded warehouse (see 19 U.S.C. 1311) with imported materials and is then withdrawn for exportation to Canada or Mexico or for entry into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico, duty will be assessed on the materials in their condition and quantity, and at their weight, at the time of their importation into the United States. Such duty must be paid no later than 60 calendar days after either the date of exportation or of entry into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, except that, upon filing of a proper claim under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the duty will be waived or reduced in an amount that does not exceed the lesser of the total amount of duty payable on the materials under this section or the total amount of customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico.

(3) Bonded smelting or refining warehouse. For any qualifying imported metal-bearing materials (see 19 U.S.C. 1312), duty will be assessed on the imported materials and the charges against the bond canceled no later than 60 calendar days after either the date of exportation of the treated materials to Canada or Mexico or the date of entry of the treated materials into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, either from the bonded smelting or refining warehouse or from such other customs bonded warehouse after the transfer of the same quantity of material from a bonded smelting or refining warehouse. However, upon filing of a proper claim under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the duty on the imported materials will be waived or reduced in an amount that does not exceed the lesser of the total amount of duty payable on the imported materials under this section or the total amount of customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico.

(4) Foreign trade zone. For a good that is manufactured or otherwise changed in condition in a foreign trade zone (see 19 U.S.C. 81c(a)) and then withdrawn from the zone for exportation to Canada or Mexico or for entry into a Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program, the duty assessed, as calculated under paragraph (b)(4)(i) or (ii) of this section, must be paid no later than 60 calendar days after either the date of exportation of the good to Canada or Mexico or the date of entry of the good into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, except that, upon filing of a proper claim under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the duty will be waived or reduced in an amount that does not exceed the lesser of the total amount of duty payable on the good under this section or the total amount of customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico.

(i) Nonprivileged foreign status. In the case of a nonprivileged foreign status good, duty is assessed on the good in its condition and quantity, and at its weight, at the time of its exportation from the zone to Canada or Mexico, or its entry into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico.

(ii) Privileged foreign status. In the case of a privileged foreign status good, duty is assessed on the good in its condition and quantity, and at its weight, at the time privileged status is elected.

(5) Temporary importation under bond. Except in the case of a good imported from Canada or Mexico for repair or alteration, where a good, regardless of its origin, was imported temporarily free of duty for repair, alteration or processing (subheading 9813.00.05, HTSUS) and is subsequently exported to Canada or Mexico, duty will be assessed on the good on the basis of its condition at the time of its importation into the United States. Such duty must be paid no later than 60 calendar days after either the date of exportation or the date of entry into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, except that, upon filing of a proper claim under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the duty will be waived or reduced in an amount that does not exceed the lesser of the total amount of duty payable on the good under this section or the total amount of customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico.

(c) Recordkeeping requirements. If a person intends to claim a waiver or reduction of duty on goods under this section, that person must maintain records concerning the value of all involved goods or materials at the time of their importation into the United States and concerning the value of the goods at the time of their exportation to Canada or Mexico or entry into a duty-deferral program of Canada or Mexico, and if a person files a claim under this section for a waiver or reduction of duty on goods exported to Canada or Mexico or entered into a Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program, that person must maintain evidence of exportation or entry into a Canadian or Mexican duty-deferral program and satisfactory evidence of the amount of any customs duties paid to Canada or Mexico on the good (see § 182.47(c) of this subpart). Failure to maintain adequate records will result in denial of the claim for waiver or reduction of duty.

(d) Failure to file proper claim. If the person identified in paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section fails to file a proper claim within the 60-day period specified in this section, that person, or the FTZ operator, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A)(3) of this section, will be liable for payment of the full duties assessed under this section and without any waiver or reduction thereof.

(e) Subsequent claims for preferential tariff treatment. If a claim for a refund of duties is allowed by the Canadian or Mexican customs administration under Article 5.11 of the USMCA (post-importation claim) or under any other circumstance after duties have been waived or reduced under this section, CBP may reliquidate the entry filed under this section pursuant to 19 U.S.C. 4534(e) even after liquidation of the entry has become final.