19 USC 1641 - Customs brokers

U.S Code last checked for updates: Apr 26, 2024

§ 1641.

Customs brokers

(a)

Definitions

As used in this section:

(1)

The term “customs broker” means any person granted a customs broker’s license by the Secretary under subsection (b).

(2)

The term “customs business” means those activities involving transactions with U.S. Customs and Border Protection concerning the entry and admissibility of merchandise, its classification and valuation, the payment of duties, taxes, or other charges assessed or collected by U.S. Customs and Border Protection upon merchandise by reason of its importation, or the refund, rebate, or drawback thereof. It also includes the preparation of documents or forms in any format and the electronic transmission of documents, invoices, bills, or parts thereof, intended to be filed with U.S. Customs and Border Protection in furtherance of such activities, whether or not signed or filed by the preparer, or activities relating to such preparation, but does not include the mere electronic transmission of data received for transmission to Customs.

(3)

The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Treasury.

(b)

Customs broker’s licenses

(1)

In general

(2)

Licenses for individuals

(3)

Licenses for corporations, etc.

(4)

Duties

(5)

Lapse of license

(6)

Prohibited acts

(c)

Customs broker’s permits

(1)

In general

Each person granted a customs broker’s license under subsection (b) shall be issued, in accordance with such regulations as the Secretary shall prescribe, either or both of the following:

(A)

A national permit for the conduct of such customs business as the Secretary prescribes by regulation.

(B)

A permit for each customs district in which that person conducts customs business and, except as provided in paragraph (2), regularly employs at least 1 individual who is licensed under subsection (b)(2) to exercise responsible supervision and control over the customs business conducted by that person in that district.

(2)

Exception

If a person granted a customs broker’s license under subsection (b) can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Secretary that—

(A)

he regularly employs in the region in which that district is located at least one individual who is licensed under subsection (b)(2), and

(B)

that sufficient procedures exist within the company for the person employed in that region to exercise responsible supervision and control over the customs business conducted by that person in that district,

the Secretary may waive the requirement in paragraph (1)(B).

(3)

Lapse of permit

(4)

Appointment of subagents

(d)

Disciplinary proceedings

(1)

General rule

The Secretary may impose a monetary penalty in all cases with the exception of the infractions described in clause (iii) of subparagraph (B) of this subsection, or revoke or suspend a license or permit of any customs broker, if it is shown that the broker—

(A)

has made or caused to be made in any application for any license or permit under this section, or report filed with U.S. Customs and Border Protection, any statement which was, at the time and in light of the circumstances under which it was made, false or misleading with respect to any material fact, or has omitted to state in any such application or report any material fact which was required to be stated therein;

(B)

has been convicted at any time after the filing of an application for license under subsection (b) of any felony or misdemeanor which the Secretary finds—

(i)

involved the importation or exportation of merchandise;

(ii)

arose out of the conduct of its customs business; or

(iii)

involved larceny, theft, robbery, extortion, forgery, counterfeiting, fraudulent concealment, embezzlement, fraudulent conversion, or misappropriation of funds;

(C)

has violated any provision of any law enforced by U.S. Customs and Border Protection or the rules or regulations issued under any such provision;

(D)

has counseled, commanded, induced, procured, or knowingly aided or abetted the violations by any other person of any provision of any law enforced by U.S. Customs and Border Protection, or the rules or regulations issued under any such provision;

(E)

has knowingly employed, or continues to employ, any person who has been convicted of a felony, without written approval of such employment from the Secretary;

(F)

has, in the course of its customs business, with intent to defraud, in any manner willfully and knowingly deceived, misled or threatened any client or prospective client; or

(G)

has been convicted of committing or conspiring to commit an act of terrorism described in section 2332b of title 18.

(2)

Procedures

(A)

Monetary penalty

(B)

Revocation or suspension

(3)

Settlement and compromise

(4)

Limitation of actions

(e)

Judicial appeal

(1)

In general

(2)

Consideration of objections

(3)

Conclusiveness of findings

(4)

Additional evidence

(5)

Effect of proceedings

(6)

Failure to appeal

(f)

Regulations by the Secretary

(g)

Triennial reports by customs brokers

(1)

In general

On February 1, 1985, and on February 1 of each third year thereafter, each person who is licensed under subsection (b) shall file with the Secretary of the Treasury a report as to—

(A)

whether such person is actively engaged in business as a customs broker; and

(B)

the name under, and the address at, which such business is being transacted.

(2)

Suspension and revocation

If a person licensed under subsection (b) fails to file the required report by March 1 of the reporting year, the license is suspended, and may be thereafter revoked subject to the following procedures:

(A)

The Secretary shall transmit written notice of suspension to the licensee no later than March 31 of the reporting year.

(B)

If the licensee files the required report within 60 days of receipt of the notice under subparagraph (A), the license shall be reinstated.

(C)

In the event the required report is not filed within the 60-day period, the license shall be revoked without prejudice to the filing of an application for a new license.

(h)

Fees and charges

(i)

Identification of importers

(1)

In general

(2)

Minimum requirements

The regulations required under paragraph (1) shall, at a minimum—

(A)

identify the information that an importer, including a nonresident importer, is required to submit to a broker and that a broker is required to collect in order to verify the identity of the importer;

(B)

identify reasonable procedures that a broker is required to follow in order to verify the authenticity of information collected from an importer; and

(C)

require a broker to maintain records of the information collected by the broker to verify the identity of an importer.

(3)

Penalties

(4)

Definitions

In this subsection:

(A)

Importer

(B)

Nonresident importer

The term “nonresident importer” means an importer who is—

(i)

an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States; or

(ii)

a partnership, corporation, or other commercial entity that is not organized under the laws of a jurisdiction within the customs territory of the United States (as such term is defined in General Note 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States) or in the Virgin Islands of the United States.

(June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title IV, § 641, 46 Stat. 759; Aug. 26, 1935, ch. 689, §§ 3–5, 49 Stat. 864, 865; Pub. L. 85–791, § 8, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 945; Pub. L. 91–271, title III, § 301(jj), June 2, 1970, 84 Stat. 291; Pub. L. 95–410, title I, § 113, Oct. 3, 1978, 92 Stat. 898; Pub. L. 96–417, title VI, § 611, Oct. 10, 1980, 94 Stat. 1746; Pub. L. 98–573, title II, § 212(a), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2978; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1888(8), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2925; Pub. L. 103–182, title VI, § 648, Dec. 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 2207; Pub. L. 104–295, § 21(e)(11), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3531; Pub. L. 105–258, title III, § 302(b), Oct. 14, 1998, 112 Stat. 1916; Pub. L. 114–125, title I, § 116(a), title IX, § 903, Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 144, 223.)

cite as: 19 USC 1641