The amendments made by section 3708 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (a), are the amendments made by section 3708 of Pub. L. 116–136, which amended this section and sections 1395n, 1395x, and 1395fff of this title.

Section 402 of the Social Security Amendments of 1967, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means section 402 of Pub. L. 90–248, which amended sections 1395b–1 and 1395ll of this title.

Section 222 of the Social Security Amendments of 1972, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means section 222 of Pub. L. 92–603, which amended sections 1395b–1 and 1395ll of this title and enacted a provision set out as a note under section 1395b–1 of this title.

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, referred to in subsec. (i)(1)(C)(v)(I)(aa), is Pub. L. 111–148, Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 119. The Act’s final passage, clearing it for enrollment, occurred in the House of Representatives on Mar. 21, 2010. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 18001 of this title and Tables.

The matter following clause (v) of section 1395ww(d)(1)(B) of this title, referred to in subsec. (l)(2), now follows cl. (vi) of section 1395ww(d)(1)(B) of this title following the redesignation of subcl. (II) of cl. (iv) of subsec. (d)(1)(B) as cl. (vi) by Pub. L. 114–255, div. C, title XV, § 15008(a)(2)(B), Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1321.

2024—Subsec. (i)(2)(B)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 118–42 substituted “2033” for “2032”.

2022—Subsec. (a)(7)(D)(i)(II). Pub. L. 117–328, § 4113(f), substituted “and, in the case that such emergency period ends before December 31, 2024, during the period beginning on the first day after the end of such emergency period described in such section 1320b–5(g)(1)(B) of this title and ending on December 31, 2024” for “and during the 151-day period beginning on the first day after the end of such emergency period”.

Pub. L. 117–103, § 306, inserted “, and during the 151-day period beginning on the first day after the end of such emergency period” after “section 1320b–5(g)(1)(B) of this title”.

Subsec. (i)(2)(B)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 117–328, § 4162, substituted “2032” for “2031”.

Pub. L. 117–103, § 312, substituted “2031” for “2030”.

2020—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–136, § 3708(a)(4), in fourth sentence of concluding provisions, inserted “or no later than 6 months after March 27, 2020, for purposes of documentation for certification and recertification made under paragraph (2) by a nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant,” after “January 1, 2019” and “, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant” after “of the physician”.

Pub. L. 116–136, § 3708(a)(3), in third sentence of concluding provisions, inserted “, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant” after “physician”.

Pub. L. 116–136, § 3708(a)(2), in second sentence of concluding provisions, substituted “With respect to the certification” for “With respect to the physician certification” and “which prohibit a physician, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant who” for “which prohibit a physician who” and inserted “(or in the case of regulations to implement the amendments made by section 3708 of the CARES Act, the Secretary shall prescribe regulations, which shall become effective no later than 6 months after March 27, 2020)” after “July 1, 1981”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 116–136, § 3708(a)(1)(A), in introductory provisions, inserted “, a nurse practitioner or clinical nurse specialist (as such terms are defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) who is working in accordance with State law, or a physician assistant (as defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) who is working in accordance with State law, who is” after “in the case of services described in subparagraph (C), a physician”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 116–136, § 3708(a)(1)(B), inserted “, a nurse practitioner, a clinical nurse specialist, or a physician assistant (as the case may be)” after “reviewed by a physician” and after “care of a physician” and substituted “, and, in the case of a certification made by a physician after January 1, 2010, or by a nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant (as the case may be) after a date specified by the Secretary (but in no case later than the date that is 6 months after March 27, 2020), prior to making such certification a physician, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant must document that a physician, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse-midwife (as defined in section 1395x(gg) of this title) as authorized by State law, or physician assistant has had a face-to-face encounter” for “, and, in the case of a certification made by a physician after January 1, 2010, prior to making such certification the physician must document that the physician himself or herself, or a nurse practitioner or clinical nurse specialist (as those terms are defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) who is working in collaboration with the physician in accordance with State law, or a certified nurse-midwife (as defined in section 1395x(gg) of this title) as authorized by State law, or a physician assistant (as defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) under the supervision of the physician, has had a face-to-face encounter”.

Subsec. (a)(7)(D)(i). Pub. L. 116–136, § 3706, designated existing provisions as subcl. (I), substituted “subject to subclause (II), a hospice” for “a hospice”, and added subcl. (II).

Subsec. (i)(2)(B)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 116–260, § 404, substituted “2030” for “2025”.

Subsec. (i)(5)(A)(i). Pub. L. 116–260, § 407(b), inserted “(or, for fiscal year 2024 and each subsequent fiscal year, 4 percentage points)” before period at end.

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–123, § 51002(a), inserted “For purposes of documentation for physician certification and recertification made under paragraph (2) on or after January 1, 2019, and made with respect to home health services furnished by a home health agency, in addition to using documentation in the medical record of the physician who so certifies or the medical record of the acute or post-acute care facility (in the case that home health services were furnished to an individual who was directly admitted to the home health agency from such a facility), the Secretary may use documentation in the medical record of the home health agency as supporting material, as appropriate to the case involved.” before “For purposes of paragraph (2)(C),” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(i)(I). Pub. L. 115–123, § 51006(a)(2), inserted “or a physician assistant” after “a nurse practitioner”.

2015—Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii)(VII). Pub. L. 114–10, § 411(d)(1)(A), substituted “clauses (iv) and (vi),” for “clause (iv),,”.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(iii). Pub. L. 114–10, § 411(d)(1)(B), substituted “clauses (iv) and (vi),” for “clause (iv),”.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(iv). Pub. L. 114–10, § 411(d)(1)(C), substituted “Subject to clause (vi), after determining” for “After determining” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(vi). Pub. L. 114–10, § 411(d)(1)(D), added cl. (vi).

Subsec. (i)(5)(A)(i). Pub. L. 114–10, § 411(d)(2), substituted “clauses (iv) and (vi) of paragraph (1)(C)” for “paragraph (1)(C)(iv)”.

2014—Subsec. (a)(7)(D). Pub. L. 113–185, § 3(c)(2), inserted “(and, in the case of clause (ii), before October 6, 2014)” after “2011” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(7)(E). Pub. L. 113–185, § 3(c)(1), (3), added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (i)(2)(B). Pub. L. 113–185, § 3(d), substituted “(B)(i) Except as provided in clause (ii), for purposes” for “(B) For purposes” and added cls. (ii) and (iii).

2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–148, § 6404(a)(1)(B), inserted at end of concluding provisions “In applying paragraph (1), the Secretary may specify exceptions to the 1 calendar year period specified in such paragraph.”

Pub. L. 111–148, § 3108(a)(2), substituted “clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant” for “or clinical nurse specialist” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 111–148, § 6404(a)(1)(A), substituted “period ending 1 calendar year after the date of service;” for “period of 3 calendar years following the year in which such services are furnished (deeming any services furnished in the last 3 calendar months of any calendar year to have been furnished in the succeeding calendar year) except that where the Secretary deems that efficient administration so requires, such period may be reduced to not less than 1 calendar year;”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 111–148, § 6405(b)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 111–148, § 10604, inserted “, or, in the case of services described in subparagraph (C), a physician enrolled under section 1395cc(j) of this title,” after “in collaboration with a physician,” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 111–148, § 3108(a)(1), substituted “, a clinical nurse specialist, or a physician assistant (as those terms are defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title)” for “or clinical nurse specialist” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10605(a), inserted “, or a nurse practitioner or clinical nurse specialist (as those terms are defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) who is working in collaboration with the physician in accordance with State law, or a certified nurse-midwife (as defined in section 1395x(gg) of this title) as authorized by State law, or a physician assistant (as defined in section 1395x(aa)(5) of this title) under the supervision of the physician,” after “himself or herself”.

Pub. L. 111–148, § 6407(a)(1), substituted “such services are or were furnished” for “and such services are or were furnished” and inserted “, and, in the case of a certification made by a physician after January 1, 2010, prior to making such certification the physician must document that the physician himself or herself has had a face-to-face encounter (including through use of telehealth, subject to the requirements in section 1395m(m) of this title, and other than with respect to encounters that are incident to services involved) with the individual within a reasonable timeframe as determined by the Secretary” after “care of a physician”.

Subsec. (a)(7)(D). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(b), added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(a)(2)(A)(i), inserted “(before the first fiscal year in which the payment revisions described in paragraph (6)(D) are implemented)” after “subsequent fiscal year” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii)(VII). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(a)(2)(A)(ii), inserted “(before the first fiscal year in which the payment revisions described in paragraph (6)(D) are implemented), subject to clause (iv),” after “subsequent fiscal year”.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(iii). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(a)(2)(B), added cl. (iii).

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(iv). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3401(g), added cl. (iv).

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(iv)(II). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10319(f)(1), substituted “0.3” for “0.5”.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(v). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10319(f)(2), substituted “0.3” for “0.5” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 111–148, § 3401(g), added cl. (v).

Subsec. (i)(5). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3004(c)(2), added par. (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (6).

Subsec. (i)(6). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(a)(1)(B), added par. (6). Former par. (6) redesignated (7).

Pub. L. 111–148, § 3004(c)(1), redesignated par. (5) as (6).

Subsec. (i)(7). Pub. L. 111–148, § 3132(a)(1)(A), redesignated par. (6) as (7).

2009—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–5, § 4102(d)(1)(B), inserted at end of concluding provisions “For purposes of applying paragraph (3), there shall be taken into account incentive payments, and payment adjustments under subsection (b)(3)(B)(ix) or (n) of section 1395ww of this title.”

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 111–5, § 4102(d)(1)(A), inserted “, subject to section 1395ww(d)(3)(B)(ix)(III) of this title,” before “the Secretary may provide” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 111–5, § 4102(a)(2)(A), substituted “the subsequent paragraphs of this subsection” for “paragraph (2)”.

Subsec. (l)(3) to (5). Pub. L. 111–5, § 4102(a)(2)(B), (b)(2), added pars. (3) to (5).

2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–173, § 736(a)(1)(A), (c)(2)(A), in concluding provisions, substituted “leave home and” for “leave home,” in sixth sentence and struck out “The certification regarding terminal illness of an individual under paragraph (7) shall be based on the physician’s or medical director’s clinical judgment regarding the normal course of the individual’s illness.” after “taxing effort by the individual.”

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(i). Pub. L. 108–173, § 736(a)(1)(B)(i), inserted “based on the physician’s or medical director’s clinical judgment regarding the normal course of the individual’s illness” before “, and” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(i)(I). Pub. L. 108–173, § 408(b), inserted “(which for purposes of this subparagraph does not include a nurse practitioner)” after “attending physician (as defined in section 1395x(dd)(3)(B) of this title)”.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 108–173, § 736(a)(1)(B)(ii), inserted “based on such clinical judgment” before semicolon at end.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–173, § 736(a)(2), inserted comma after “1395e” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (i)(4). Pub. L. 108–173, § 512(b), added par. (4).

Subsec. (i)(5). Pub. L. 108–173, § 946(b), added par. (5).

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 108–173, § 405(g)(2), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amount” for “The amount”, and added par. (2).

Pub. L. 108–173, § 405(a)(1), inserted “equal to 101 percent of” before “the reasonable costs”.

2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title V, § 507(a)(1)(B)], inserted at end “Any absence of an individual from the home attributable to the need to receive health care treatment, including regular absences for the purpose of participating in therapeutic, psychosocial, or medical treatment in an adult day-care program that is licensed or certified by a State, or accredited, to furnish adult day-care services in the State shall not disqualify an individual from being considered to be ‘confined to his home’. Any other absence of an individual from the home shall not so disqualify an individual if the absence is of infrequent or of relatively short duration. For purposes of the preceding sentence, any absence for the purpose of attending a religious service shall be deemed to be an absence of infrequent or short duration.”

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title V, § 507(a)(1)(A)], which directed amendment of subsec. (a) by striking out in the last sentence “, and that absences of the individual from home are infrequent or of relatively short duration, or are attributable to the need to receive medical treatment”, was executed by striking out that language after “taxing effort by the individual” in the penultimate sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the amendment by Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 322(a)(1)]. See note below.

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 322(a)(1)], inserted at end “The certification regarding terminal illness of an individual under paragraph (7) shall be based on the physician’s or medical director’s clinical judgment regarding the normal course of the individual’s illness.”

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 321(e)], substituted a semicolon for period at end.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii)(VI). Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 321(a)], inserted “, plus, in the case of fiscal year 2001, 5.0 percentage points” before semicolon.

1997—Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4615(a), inserted “(other than solely venipuncture for the purpose of obtaining a blood sample)” after “skilled nursing care”.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(i). Pub. L. 105–33, §§ 4443(b)(2)(A), 4448, in concluding provisions, substituted “at the beginning of the period” for “ not later than 2 days after hospice care is initiated (or, if each certify verbally not later than 2 days after hospice care is initiated, not later than 8 days after such care is initiated)” and inserted “and” at end.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4443(b)(2)(B), substituted “60-day” for “30-day” and substituted a period for “, and” at end.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4443(b)(2)(C), struck out cl. (iii) which read as follows: “in a subsequent extension period, the medical director or physician described in clause (i)(II) recertifies at the beginning of the period that the individual is terminally ill;”.

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4201(c)(1), (3)(A), substituted “critical access” for “rural primary care” in two places and “96 hours” for “72 hours”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4603(c)(1), substituted “1395ww, and 1395fff of this title” for “and 1395ww of this title” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 105–33, § 4201(c)(1), substituted “critical access” for “rural primary care” in two places in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii)(V) to (VII). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4441(a), struck out “and” at end of subcl. (V), added subcl. (VI), and redesignated former subcl. (VI) as (VII).

Subsec. (i)(2)(D). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4442(a), added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (i)(3). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4441(b), added par. (3).

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 105–33, § 4201(c)(3)(B), amended heading and text of subsec. (l) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

“(1) The amount of payment under this part for inpatient rural primary care hospital services—

“(A) in the case of the first 12-month cost reporting period for which the facility operates as such a hospital, is the reasonable costs of the facility in providing inpatient rural primary care hospital services during such period, as such costs are determined on a per diem basis, and

“(B) in the case of a later reporting period, is the per diem payment amount established under this paragraph for the preceding 12-month cost reporting period, increased by the applicable percentage increase under section 1395ww(b)(3)(B)(i) of this title for that particular cost reporting period applicable to hospitals located in a rural area.

The payment amounts otherwise determined under this paragraph shall be reduced, to the extent necessary, to avoid duplication of any payment made under section 1395i–4(a)(2) of this title (or under section 4005(e) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987) to cover the provision of inpatient rural primary care hospital services.

“(2) The Secretary shall develop a prospective payment system for determining payment amounts for inpatient rural primary care hospital services under this part furnished on or after January 1, 1996.”

1994—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 103–432, § 106(b)(1)(A), struck out “and with respect to post-hospital extended care services furnished after such day of a continuous period of such services as may be prescribed in or pursuant to regulations” after “continuous period of such services”, “or skilled nursing facility, as the case may be” after “such individual to the hospital”, and “or facility” after “made in such hospital”.

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 103–432, § 102(a)(3), substituted “the individual may reasonably be expected to be discharged or transferred to a hospital within 72 hours after admission to the rural primary care hospital.” for “such services were required to be immediately furnished on a temporary, inpatient basis.”

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(i). Pub. L. 103–432, § 110(d)(1), substituted “September 30, 1990,” for “September 30, 1990,,”.

Subsec. (l)(2). Pub. L. 103–432, § 102(d), substituted “January 1, 1996” for “January 1, 1993”.

1993—Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(ii). Pub. L. 103–66 substituted “increased by—” and subcls. (I) to (VI) for “increased by the market basket percentage increase (as defined in section 1395ww(b)(3)(B)(iii) of this title) otherwise applicable to discharges occurring in the fiscal year.”

1991—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 102–54 substituted “Department of Veterans Affairs” for “Veterans’ Administration” in heading and par. (1) and “Secretary of Veterans Affairs” for “Veterans’ Administration” in par. (2).

1990—Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 101–508, § 4006(b), added cl. (iii).

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 101–508, § 4008(i)(3), substituted “January 1, 1981” for “October 1, 1983” in subpar. (B) substituted “37th month” for “seventh month” in sentence following subpar. (B), and inserted at end provisions setting forth procedures to be followed by Secretary at end of 36-month period.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C)(i). Pub. L. 101–508, § 4008(m)(3)(A), substituted “on or after January 1, 1990, and on or before September 30, 1990,” for “during fiscal year 1990”.

1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6028(2), substituted “a physician, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist (as the case may be) makes” for “a physician makes” in first sentence of concluding provisions.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6028(1), substituted “a physician, or, in the case of services described in subparagraph (B), a physician, or a nurse practitioner or clinical nurse specialist who does not have a direct or indirect employment relationship with the facility but is working in collaboration with a physician,” for “a physician” after “(2)”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(B), (6). Pub. L. 101–234 repealed Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(A), (B), and provided that the provisions of law amended or repealed by such section are restored or revived as if such section had not been enacted, see 1988 Amendment notes below.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(i). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6005(b), substituted “certify in writing, not later than 2 days after hospice care is initiated (or, if each certify verbally not later than 2 days after hospice care is initiated, not later than 8 days after such care is initiated),” for “certify, not later than two days after hospice care is initiated,” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 101–234 repealed Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(C), and provided that the provisions of law amended or repealed by such section are restored or revived as if such section had not been enacted, see 1988 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6003(g)(3)(B)(ii), added par. (8).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6003(g)(3)(B)(iii)(I), inserted “, other than a rural primary care hospital providing inpatient rural primary care hospital services,” after “providing hospice care” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 101–234 repealed Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(D), and provided that the provisions of law amended or repealed by such section are restored or revived as if such section had not been enacted, see 1988 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (i)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6005(a)(1), inserted “and except as otherwise provided in this paragraph” after “section 1395e(a)(4) of this title”.

Subsec. (i)(1)(C). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6005(a)(2), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “With respect to care and services furnished on or after October 1, 1986, the Secretary shall, not less often than annually, review and make appropriate adjustments to the payment rate for routine home care and the payment rates for other services included in hospice care based on the costs that are reasonable and related to the costs of furnishing such care and services. The Secretary shall report to Congress on October 1 each year on such review and such adjustments and on the adequacy of the rates under this paragraph to ensure participation by an adequate number of hospice programs under this subchapter.”

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6003(g)(3)(B)(iii)(II), added subsec. (l).

1988—Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(A), (B), struck out “post-hospital” after “in the case of” and “, for any of the conditions with respect to which he was receiving inpatient hospital services (or services which would constitute inpatient hospital services if the institution met the requirements of paragraphs (6) and (9) of section 1395x(e) of this title) prior to transfer to the skilled nursing facility or for a condition requiring such extended care services which arose after such transfer and while he was still in the facility for treatment of the condition or conditions for which he was receiving such inpatient hospital services” before semicolon at end.

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(A), struck out “post-hospital” before “extended care services” in two places.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(C), added cl. (iii) which read as follows: “in a subsequent extension period, the medical director or physician described in clause (i)(II) recertifies at the beginning of the period that the individual is terminally ill;”.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 100–360, § 104(d)(2)(D), substituted “equal to 100 percent” for “equal to 60 percent” and “plus 100 percent” for “plus 80 percent” and struck out “two-thirds of” after “based on”.

1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–203, § 4024(a), inserted two sentences at end clarifying “confined to his home” for purposes of par. (2)(C).

Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 100–203, § 4008(b)(1), substituted “aggregate rate of increase from October 1, 1983, to the most recent date for which annual data are available” for “rate of increase for the previous three-year period”.

Subsec. (j)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100–203, § 4062(d)(1)(A), substituted “Section 1395m(a)(1)(B) of this title” for “Subsection (k)(1)(B) of this section”.

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 100–203, § 4062(d)(1)(B), substituted “the amount described in section 1395m(a)(1) of this title.” for a dash and former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

“(1) the lesser of—

“(A) the reasonable cost of such equipment, as determined under section 1395x(v) of this title, or

“(B) the customary charges with respect to such equipment,

less the amount the home health agency may charge as described in section 1395cc(a)(2)(A)(ii) of this title, but in no case may the payment for such equipment exceed 80 percent of such reasonable cost, or

“(2) if such equipment is furnished by a public home health agency, or by another home health agency which demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that a significant portion of its patients are low-income (and requests that payment be made under this paragraph), free of charge or at nominal charge to the public, 80 percent of the amount which the Secretary finds will provide fair compensation to the home health agency.”

1986—Subsec. (i)(1)(B). Pub. L. 99–272, § 9123(b)(1), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the rate of payment per day for routine home care furnished during fiscal year 1985 shall be $53.17.”

Subsec. (i)(1)(C). Pub. L. 99–272, § 9123(b)(2), substituted “1986” for “1985”.

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2354(b)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 98–617, § 3(a)(3), in concluding provisions, substituted “contractual” for “contractural”.

Pub. L. 98–369, § 2336(b), inserted before period at end of third sentence “, except that such prohibition shall not apply with respect to a home health agency which is a sole community home health agency (as determined by the Secretary)”.

Pub. L. 98–369, § 2336(a), inserted sentence at end that for purposes of the preceding sentence, service by a physician as an uncompensated officer or director of a home health agency shall not constitute having a significant ownership interest in, or a significant financial or contractual relationship with, such agency.

Pub. L. 98–369, § 2335(a)(4), in concluding provisions, substituted “or (D)” for “(D), or (E)”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(B) to (E). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2335(a)(1), redesignated subpars. (C) to (E) as (B) to (D), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (B) which provided that payment could be made only if a physician certified, in the case of inpatient tuberculosis hospital services, that such services were required to be given on an inpatient basis, by or under the supervision of a physician, for the treatment of an individual for tuberculosis; and that such treatment could reasonably be expected to improve the condition for which such treatment was necessary or render the condition noncommunicable.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2335(a)(2), struck out “and inpatient tuberculosis hospital services” after “psychiatric hospital services”.

Subsec. (a)(5) to (8). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2335(a)(3), redesignated pars. (6) to (8) as (5) to (7), respectively, and struck out former par. (5) which had provided that payment would be made only if, in the case of inpatient tuberculosis hospital services, the services were those which the records of the hospital indicate were furnished to the individual during periods when he was receiving treatment which could reasonably be expected to improve his condition or render it noncommunicable.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2321(a)(1), inserted in provisions preceding par. (1) “and other than a home health agency with respect to durable medical equipment” after “hospice care”.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2308(b)(2)(A), inserted “, or by another provider which demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that a significant portion of its patients are low-income (and requests that payment be made under this paragraph),”.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2354(c)(1)(A), amended directory language of Pub. L. 96–449, § 903(a)(4), resulting in no change in text. See 1980 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (i)(1). Pub. L. 98–617, § 1(a), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpars. (B) and (C).

Subsec. (j)(2)(B) to (D). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2321(f), added subpar. (B) and redesignated former subpars. (B) and (C) as (C) and (D), respectively.

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 98–369, § 2321(a)(2), added subsec. (k).

Subsec. (k)(2). Pub. L. 98–617, § 3(b)(1), inserted “, or by another home health agency which demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that a significant portion of its patients are low-income (and requests that payment be made under this paragraph),” after “public home health agency” and “80 percent of” before “the amount”.

1983—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 98–21, § 602(b), inserted “(or would be if section 1395ww of this title did not apply)” after “section 1395x(v)(1)(D) of this title”.

Subsec. (h)(2). Pub. L. 98–21, § 602(c), substituted “the amount that would be payable for such services under subsection (b) and section 1395ww of this title” for “the reasonable costs for such services”.

Subsec. (i)(1). Pub. L. 97–448 inserted “made” before “for bereavement counseling”.

Subsec. (i)(2)(A). Pub. L. 98–90, § 1(1), struck out “located in a region (as defined by the Secretary)” after “a hospice program” and “for the region” after “ ‘the cap amount’ ”.

Subsec. (i)(2)(B). Pub. L. 98–90, § 1(2), amended subpar. (B) generally, substituting provisions establishing a hospice reimbursement cap amount of $6,500, indexed by the medical care component of the Consumer Price Index, for provisions which had established a cap of 40% of the estimated regional average medicare expenditure per beneficiary in the regular medicare program during the six months of life for persons dying of cancer.

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 98–21, § 601(d)(2), added subsec. (j) by transferring and redesignating provisions formerly classified to subsec. (d) of section 1395ww of this title.

Subsec. (j)(2)(A). Pub. L. 98–21, § 601(d)(1), substituted “subsection (b)” for “section 1395f(b) of this title”.

1982—Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 97–248, § 122(c)(1), added par. (8).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–248, § 101(c)(1), substituted “sections 1395e and 1395ww” for “section 1395e” in provisions preceding par. (1), and substituted “until the first day of the seventh month beginning after the date the Secretary determines and notifies the Governor of the State” for “until the Secretary determines” in provisions following par. (3).

Pub. L. 97–248, § 122(c)(2)(A), inserted “(other than a hospice program providing hospice care)” after “The amount paid to any provider of services”.

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 97–248, § 122(c)(2)(B), added subsec. (i).

1981—Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2122(a)(1), substituted “needs or needed skilled nursing care on an intermittent basis or physical or speech therapy or, in the case of an individual who has been furnished home health services based on such a need and who no longer has such a need for such care or therapy, continues or continued to need occupational therapy” for “needed skilled nursing care on an intermittent basis, or physical, occupational, or speech therapy”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(F). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2121(b), struck out subpar. (F) which provided that in the case of alcohol detoxification facility services, such services were required on an inpatient basis (based upon an examination by such certifying physician made prior to initiation of alcohol detoxification).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–499, § 930(e), inserted provision at end of subsec. (a) authorizing the Secretary to prescribe regulations to prohibit significantly interested physicians from performing the physician certification required by par. (2) for home health services.

Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 96–499, § 930(f), substituted “home health services” for “post-hospital home health services” and “physical, occupational, or speech” for “physical or speech” and deleted “, for any of the conditions with respect to which he was receiving inpatient hospital services (or services which would constitute inpatient hospital services if the institution met the requirements of paragraphs (6) and (9) of section 1395x(e) of this title) or post-hospital extended care services” after “therapy”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 96–499, § 936(b), inserted “or because of the severity of the dental procedure” and substituted “such services” for “such dental services”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(F). Pub. L. 96–499, § 931(b), added subpar. (F).

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–499, § 903(a)(1), inserted “except as provided in paragraph (3),”.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 96–499, § 903(a)(4), as amended by Pub. L. 98–369, § 2354(c)(1)(A), added par. (3).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–499, § 941(b), substituted “subsection (h)” for “subsection (j)”.

Subsecs. (h) to (j). Pub. L. 96–499, § 941(a), struck out subsecs. (h) and (i) and redesignated subsec. (j) as (h).

1978—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 95–292 inserted “and as further limited by section 1395rr(b)(2)(B) of this title” after “section 1395x(v) of this title”.

1977—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–142, § 23(a), inserted reference to subsec. (j) of this section.

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 95–142, § 23(b), added subsec. (j).

1976—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–437 substituted “Subject to section 1395qq of this title, no payment” for “No payment”.

1973—Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 93–233, § 18(k)(1), substituted “the care, treatment, filling, removal, or replacement of teeth or structures directly supporting teeth, the individual, because of his underlying medical condition and clinical status, requires hospitalization in connection with the provision of such dental services” for “a dental procedure, the individual suffers from impairments of such severity as to require hospitalization”.

Subsec. (a), last sentence. Pub. L. 93–233, § 18(k)(2), inserted reference to subpar. (E) of par. (2).

1972—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 92–603, §§ 226(c)(1), 227(b)(1), inserted reference to subsec. (g) of this section and section 1395mm of this title in provisions preceding par. (1).

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 92–603, § 281(e), placed a 3-year time limitation on the time within which a written request for payment is filed, with provision for reduction of the limit to 1 year.

Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 92–603, §§ 234(g)(1), 247(a), 278(a)(1), substituted “because the individual needs or needed on a daily basis skilled nursing care (provided directly by or requiring the supervision of skilled nursing personnel) or other skilled rehabilitation services, which as a practical matter can only be provided in a skilled nursing facility on an inpatient basis,” for “on an inpatient basis because the individual needs or needed skilled nursing care on a continuing basis”, “skilled nursing facility” for “extended care facility”, and “paragraphs (6) and (9) of section 1395x(e) of this title” for “paragraphs (6) and (8) of section 1395x(e) of this title”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 92–603, § 234(g)(1), substituted reference to par. (9) of section 1395x(e) of this title for reference to par. (8) of section 1395x(e) of this title.

Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 92–603, § 256(a), added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 92–603, § 278(a)(2), substituted “skilled nursing facility” for “extended care facility”.

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 92–603, §§ 238(a), 278(a)(3), inserted “, including any finding made in the course of a sample or other review of admissions to the institution” after “as described in section 1395x(k)(4) of this title” in the parenthetical provisions covering the finding not made by the committee or group, and substituted “skilled nursing facility” for “extended care facility”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 92–603, § 233(a), substituted pars. (1) and (2) for provisions describing the amount payable as the reasonable cost determined under section 1395x(v) of this title.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 92–603, § 211(a), designated existing provisions as par. (2), added pars. (1), (3), and (4), and in par. (2) as so redesignated inserted provisions covering individuals physically present at a place within Canada while traveling without unreasonable delay by the most direct route between Alaska and another State.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 92–603, § 227(b)(2), added subsec. (g).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 92–603, §§ 228(a), 278(b)(4), (17), added subsec. (h) and substituted “skilled nursing facility” for “extended care facility”.

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 92–603, § 228(a), added subsec. (i).

1968—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 90–248, §§ 126(a)(5), 129(c)(5)(B), struck out references to former subpars. (E) and (F) in last sentence.

Subsec. (a)(2)(A) to (E). Pub. L. 90–248, § 126(a)(1), (2), struck out subpar. (A) which provided that there be a physician’s certification of medical necessity for admissions to hospitals other than psychiatric or tuberculosis institutions, and redesignated subpars. (B) to (E) as (A) to (D), respectively.

Subsec. (a)(2)(F). Pub. L. 90–248, § 129(c)(5)(A), struck out subpar. (F) which provided that there be a physician’s certification for services furnished to outpatients.

Subsec. (a)(3) to (7). Pub. L. 90–248, § 126(a)(3), (4), added par. (3) and redesignated former pars. (3) to (6) as (4) to (7), respectively.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 90–248, § 129(c)(6)(A), struck out reference to outpatient hospital diagnostic services from provisions requiring payment for emergency hospital services.

Subsec. (d)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 90–248, § 143(c), designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted “in a calendar year” after “furnished” in first sentence of par. (1), added subpar. (C) to par. (1), and added pars. (2) and (3).

Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, § 3708(f), Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 421, provided that: “The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall prescribe regulations to apply the amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395n, 1395x, and 1395fff of this title] to items and services furnished, which shall become effective no later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this legislation [Mar. 27, 2020]. The Secretary shall promulgate an interim final rule if necessary, to comply with the required effective date.”

Pub. L. 115–123, div. E, title X, § 51006(b), Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 296, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1395x of this title] shall apply to items and services furnished on or after January 1, 2019.”

Pub. L. 111–148, title III, § 3108(b), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 418, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to items and services furnished on or after January 1, 2011.”

Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, § 6404(b), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 768, provided that:

Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, § 6405(d), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 769, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395m and 1395n of this title] shall apply to written orders and certifications made on or after July 1, 2010.”

Pub. L. 108–173, title IV, § 405(a)(2), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2266, provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section and sections 1395m and 1395tt of this title] shall apply to payments for services furnished during cost reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2004.”

Pub. L. 108–173, title IV, § 405(g)(3), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2269, provided that: “The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section and section 1395i–4 of this title] shall apply to cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2004.”

Amendment by section 512(b) of Pub. L. 108–173 applicable to services provided by a hospice program on or after Jan. 1, 2005, see section 512(d) of Pub. L. 108–173, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 108–173, title IX, § 946(c), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2425, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1395x of this title] shall apply to hospice care provided on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 8, 2003].”

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 321(b)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–500, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to hospice care furnished on or after April 1, 2001. In applying clause (ii) of section 1814(i)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395f(i)(1)(C)) beginning with fiscal year 2002, the payment rates in effect under such section during the period beginning on April 1, 2001, and ending on September 30, shall be treated as the payment rates in effect during fiscal year 2001.”

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 322(a)(2)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–501, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall apply to certifications made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2000].”

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title V, § 507(a)(2)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–532, provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] shall apply to home health services furnished on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2000].”

Pub. L. 105–33, title IV, § 4201(d), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 374, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1320a–7a, 1320a–7b, 1320b–4, 1320b–8, 1395d, 1395e, 1395h, 1395i–4, 1395k to 1395n, 1395u, 1395x, 1395y, 1395aa, 1395cc, 1395dd, and 1395ww of this title] shall apply to services furnished on or after October 1, 1997.”

Pub. L. 105–33, title IV, § 4442(b), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 423, as amended by Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(6) [title III, § 321(i)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–366, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] applies to items and services furnished on or after October 1, 1997.”

Amendment by sections 4441, 4443(b)(2), and 4448 of Pub. L. 105–33 applicable to benefits provided on or after Aug. 5, 1997, except as otherwise provided, see section 4449 of Pub. L. 105–33, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Amendment by section 4603(c)(1) of Pub. L. 105–33 applicable to cost reporting periods beginning on or after Oct. 1, 1999, except as otherwise provided, see section 4603(d) of Pub. L. 105–33, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1395fff of this title.

Pub. L. 105–33, title IV, § 4615(b), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 475, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] apply to home health services furnished after the 6-month period beginning after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 5, 1997].”

Amendment by section 106(b)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 103–432 effective as if included in the enactment of Pub. L. 100–203, see section 106(b)(2) of Pub. L. 103–432, set out as a note under section 1395cc of this title.

Amendment by section 4006(b) of Pub. L. 101–508 applicable with respect to care and services furnished on or after Jan. 1, 1990, see section 4006(c) of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6005(c), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2161, as amended by Pub. L. 101–508, title IV, § 4008(m)(3)(B), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–54, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section] shall become effective with respect to care and services furnished on or after January 1, 1990.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–234 effective Jan. 1, 1990, see section 101(d) of Pub. L. 101–234, set out as a note under section 1395c of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–360 effective Jan. 1, 1989, except as otherwise provided, and applicable to inpatient hospital deductible for 1989 and succeeding years, to care and services furnished on or after Jan. 1, 1989, to premiums for January 1989 and succeeding months, and to blood or blood cells furnished on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see section 104(a) of Pub. L. 100–360, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 100–203, title IV, § 4008(b)(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–55, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 1987].”

Pub. L. 100–203, title IV, § 4024(c), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–74, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] shall apply to items and services provided on or after January 1, 1988.”

Pub. L. 100–203, title IV, § 4062(e), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–109, as amended by Pub. L. 101–508, title IV, § 4152(h), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–80, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting section 1395m of this title, amending this section and sections 1395k, 1395l, and 1395cc of this title, and repealing section 1395zz of this title] shall apply to covered items (other than oxygen and oxygen equipment) furnished on or after January 1, 1989 and to oxygen and oxygen equipment furnished on or after June 1, 1989.”

[Pub. L. 101–508, title IV, § 4152(h), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–80, provided that amendment by that section to section 4062(e) of Pub. L. 100–203, set out above, is effective as if included in enactment of Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, Pub. L. 100–203.]

Pub. L. 98–617, § 1(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3294, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [probably means section 1 of Pub. L. 98–617, amending this section] shall apply to routine home care and other services included in hospice care furnished on or after October 1, 1984.”

Pub. L. 98–617, § 3(c), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3296, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395l, 1395n, 1395r, 1395u, 1395x, 1395rr, 1395ww, 1396a, and 1396b of this title and amending provisions set out as notes under sections 1395h and 1395mm of this title] shall be effective as if they had been originally included in the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 [Pub. L. 98–369].”

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2321(g), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1085, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting section 1395zz of this title and amending this section and sections 1395l, 1395x, and 1395cc of this title] shall apply to items and services furnished on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984].”

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2335(g), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1091, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395x, 1395z, 1395cc, 1396a, and 1396d of this title] shall become effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984].”

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2336(c)(1), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1091, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] shall apply to certifications and plans of care made or established on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984].”

Amendment by section 2354(b)(1) of Pub. L. 98–369 effective July 18, 1984, but not to be construed as changing or affecting any right, liability, status, or interpretation which existed (under the provisions of law involved) before that date, see section 2354(e)(1) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 1320a–1 of this title.

Amendment by section 2354(c)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 98–369 effective as if originally included in Pub. L. 96–499, see section 2354(e)(2) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 1320a–1 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–21 applicable to items and services furnished by or under arrangement with a hospital beginning with its first cost reporting period that begins on or after Oct. 1, 1983, any change in a hospital’s cost reporting period made after November 1982 to be recognized for such purposes only if the Secretary finds good cause therefor, see section 604(a)(1) of Pub. L. 98–21, set out as a note under section 1395ww of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–448 effective as if originally included as a part of this section as this section was amended by the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, see section 309(c)(2) of Pub. L. 97–448, set out as a note under section 426–1 of this title.

Amendment by section 122(c)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 97–248 applicable to hospice care provided on or after Nov. 1, 1983, see section 122(h)(1) of Pub. L. 97–248, as amended, set out as a note under section 1395c of this title.

Amendment by section 2121(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 applicable to services furnished in detoxification facilities for inpatient stays beginning on or after the tenth day after Aug. 13, 1981, see section 2121(i) of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 97–35, title XXI, § 2122(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 797, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] shall apply to services furnished pursuant to plans of treatment implemented after the third month beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981].”

Amendment by section 930(e), (f) of Pub. L. 96–499 effective with respect to services furnished on or after July 1, 1981, see section 930(s)(1) of Pub. L. 96–499, set out as a note under section 1395x of this title.

Amendment by section 931(b) of Pub. L. 96–499 effective Apr. 1, 1981, see section 931(e) of Pub. L. 96–499, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 96–499, title IX, § 936(d), Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2640, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395x and 1395y of this title] shall apply with respect to services provided on or after July 1, 1981.”

Pub. L. 96–499, title IX, § 941(c), Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2641, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on January 1, 1981.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–292 effective with respect to services, supplies, and equipment furnished after the third calendar month beginning after June 13, 1978, except that provisions for the implementation of an incentive reimbursement system for dialysis services furnished in facilities and providers to become effective with respect to a facility’s or provider’s first accounting period beginning after the last day of the twelfth month following the month of June 1978, and except that provisions for reimbursement rates for home dialysis to become effective on Apr. 1, 1979, see section 6 of Pub. L. 95–292, set out as a note under section 426 of this title.

Pub. L. 95–142, § 23(c), Oct. 25, 1977, 91 Stat. 1209, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to inpatient hospital services furnished on and after July 1, 1974.”

Pub. L. 93–233, § 18(z–3)(2), Dec. 31, 1973, 87 Stat. 974, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (k) [amending this section and section 1395y of this title] shall be effective with respect to admissions subject to the provisions of section 1814(a)(2) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395f(a)(2)] which occur after December 31, 1972.”

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 211(d), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1384, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395l, 1395u, 1395x, and 1395y of this title] shall apply to services furnished with respect to admissions occurring after December 31, 1972.”

Amendment by section 226(c)(1) of Pub. L. 92–603 effective with respect to services provided on or after July 1, 1973, see section 226(f) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1395mm of this title.

Amendment by section 227(b) of Pub. L. 92–603 applicable with respect to accounting periods beginning after June 30, 1973, see section 227(g) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as a note under section 1395x of this title.

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 228(b), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1408, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] and any regulations adopted pursuant to such amendment shall apply with respect to plans of care initiated on or after January 1, 1973, and with respect to admission to skilled nursing facilities and home health plans initiated on or after such date.”

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 233(f), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1412, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 1395l of this title] shall apply to services furnished by hospitals, extended care facilities, and home health agencies in accounting periods beginning after December 31, 1972. The amendments made by subsections (c), (d), and (e) [amending sections 706, 709, and 1396b of this title] shall apply with respect to services furnished by hospitals in accounting periods beginning after December 31, 1972.”See, also, section 16 of Pub. L. 93–233, set out below.

Amendment by section 234(g)(1) of Pub. L. 92–603 applicable with respect to providers of services for fiscal years beginning after fifth month following October 1972, see section 234(i) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as a note under section 1395x of this title.

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 238(b), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1416, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to services furnished after the second month following the month in which this Act is enacted [October 1972].”

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 247(c), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1425, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1396d of this title] shall be effective with respect to services furnished after December 31, 1972.”

Pub. L. 92–603, title II, § 256(d), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1447, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1395x and 1395y of this title] shall apply with respect to admissions occurring after the second month following the month in which this Act is enacted [October 1972].”

Amendment by section 281(e) of Pub. L. 92–603 applicable in the case of services furnished (or deemed to have been furnished) after 1970, see section 281(g) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as a note under section 1395gg of this title.

Pub. L. 90–248, title I, § 126(c), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 846, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] shall apply with respect to services furnished after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 2, 1968].”

Amendment by section 129(c)(5), (6)(A) of Pub. L. 90–248 applicable with respect to services furnished after Jan. 2, 1968, see section 129(d) of Pub. L. 90–248, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Amendment by section 143(c) of Pub. L. 90–248 applicable with respect to services furnished with respect to admissions occurring after Dec. 31, 1967, and to outpatient hospital diagnostic services furnished after Dec. 31, 1967, and before Apr. 1, 1968, see section 143(d) of Pub. L. 90–248, set out as a note under section 1395d of this title.

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2336(c)(2), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1091, provided that: “The Secretary shall provide, not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984], for such revision of regulations as may be required to reflect the amendments made by subsection (b) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title].”

Section 122(h)(2) of Pub. L. 97–248 provided that: “In order to provide for the timely implementation of the amendments made by this Act [probably means section 122 of Pub. L. 97–248, which amended this section and sections 1395c to 1395e, 1395h, and 1395x to 1395cc of this title and section 231f of Title 45, Railroads, and enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 1395b–1 and 1395c of this title], the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, not later than September 1, 1983, promulgate such final regulations as may be necessary to set forth—

Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title IV, § 4113(h), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5901, provided that: “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Health and Human Services may implement the provisions of, including amendments made by, this section [amending this section and section 1395m of this title] through program instruction or otherwise.”

Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, § 3708(e), Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 421, provided that: “The amendments made under this section [amending this section and sections 1395n, 1395x, and 1395fff of this title] shall apply under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] in the same manner and to the same extent as such requirements apply under title XVIII of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.] or regulations promulgated thereunder.”

Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, § 6405(c), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 768, provided that: “The Secretary [probably means the Secretary of Health and Human Services] may extend the requirement applied by the amendments made by subsections (a) [amending section 1395m of this title] and (b) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] to durable medical equipment and home health services (relating to requiring certifications and written orders to be made by enrolled physicians and health professions) to all other categories of items or services under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.), including covered part D drugs as defined in section 1860D–2(e) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–102[(e)]), that are ordered, prescribed, or referred by a physician enrolled under section 1866(j) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc(j)) or an eligible professional under section 1848(k)(3)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(k)(3)(B)).”

Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, § 6407(c), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 770, provided that: “The Secretary [probably means the Secretary of Health and Human Services] may apply the face-to-face encounter requirement described in the amendments made by subsections (a) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] and (b) [amending section 1395m of this title] to other items and services for which payment is provided under title XVIII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.] based upon a finding that such an decision would reduce the risk of waste, fraud, or abuse.”

Pub. L. 111–148, title VI, § 6407(d), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 770, provided that: “The requirements pursuant to the amendments made by subsections (a) [amending this section and section 1395n of this title] and (b) [amending section 1395m of this title] shall apply in the case of physicians making certifications for home health services under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] in the same manner and to the same extent as such requirements apply in the case of physicians making such certifications under title XVIII of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.].”

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title V, § 507(b)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–532, provided that:

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 322(b)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–501, provided that:

Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(6) [title III, § 321(c)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–501, provided that: “The provisions of this section [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] shall have no effect on the application of section 131 of BBRA [Pub. L. 106–113, § 1000(a)(6) [title I, § 131], set out as a note below].”

Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(6) [title I, § 131], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–333, provided that:

Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(6) [title I, § 132], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–333, provided that the Comptroller General of the United States would conduct a study, including cost factors, to determine the feasibility and advisability of updating the payment rates and the cap amount determined with respect to a fiscal year under subsec. (i) of this section for routine home care and other services included in hospice care, and provided the Comptroller General was to submit to Congress a report on the study together with any recommendations for legislation deemed appropriate not later than one year after Nov. 29, 1999.

Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6016, Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2164, directed Secretary of Health and Human Services to conduct a study of high-cost hospice care provided to medicare beneficiaries under the medicare program, evaluate the ability of hospice programs participating in the medicare program to provide such high-cost care to such patients, develop methods to compensate such programs for providing such high-cost care, and submit, not later than Apr. 1, 1991, a report to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate on the study, including in the report any recommendations developed by the Secretary to compensate hospice programs for providing high-cost hospice care to medicare beneficiaries.

Pub. L. 100–203, title IV, § 4008(c), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–55, as amended by Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, § 8402, Nov. 10, 1987, 102 Stat. 3798; Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6023(a), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2167; Pub. L. 112–96, title III, § 3201(d), Feb. 22, 2012, 126 Stat. 192, provided that: “In making payments to hospitals under title XVIII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.], the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall not make any change in the policy in effect on August 1, 1987, with respect to payment under title XVIII of the Social Security Act to providers of service for reasonable costs relating to unrecovered costs associated with unpaid deductible and coinsurance amounts incurred under such title (including criteria for what constitutes a reasonable collection effort, including criteria for indigency determination procedures, for record keeping, and for determining whether to refer a claim to an external collection agency). The Secretary may not require a hospital to change its bad debt collection policy if a fiscal intermediary, in accordance with the rules in effect as of August 1, 1987, with respect to criteria for indigency determination procedures, record keeping, and determining whether to refer a claim to an external collection agency, has accepted such policy before that date, and the Secretary may not collect from the hospital on the basis of an expectation of a change in the hospital’s collection policy. Effective for cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2012, the provisions of the previous two sentences shall not apply.”

[Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6023(b), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2167, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 4008(c) of Pub. L. 100–203, set out above] shall take effect as if included in the enactment of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 [Pub. L. 100–203].”]

[Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, § 8402, Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3798, provided that amendment of section 4008(c) of Pub. L. 100–203, set out above, by section 8402 of Pub. L. 100–647 is effective as of date of enactment of Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, Pub. L. 100–203, which was approved Dec. 22, 1987.]

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2308(a), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1074, provided that: “The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall issue regulations which require, for purposes of title XVIII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.], that providers of services calculate and report the lesser-of-cost-or-charges determinations separately with respect to payments for services under part A and services under part B of such title (other than clinical diagnostic laboratory tests paid under section 1833(h) [42 U.S.C. 1395l(h)]), and that payment under such title be based upon such separate determinations. Such regulations shall apply to cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 1984.”

Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title III, § 2308(b)(1), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1074, provided that: “For purposes of applying the nominality test under sections 1814(b)(2) [42 U.S.C. 1395f(b)(2)] and 1833(a)(2)(B)(ii) [42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)(2)(B)(ii)] of the Social Security Act, the Secretary shall, in addition to those rules for establishing nominality which the Secretary determines to be appropriate, provide that charges representing 60 percent or less of costs shall be considered nominal. The charges used in making such determinations shall be the charges actually billed to charge-paying patients who are not entitled to benefits under either part of such title [42 U.S.C. 1395c et seq., 1395j et seq.]. Such determination shall be made separately with respect to payments for services under part A and services under part B of such title (other than clinical diagnostic laboratory tests paid under section 1833(h)), or on the basis of inpatient and outpatient services, except that the determination need not be made separately for home health services if the Secretary finds that such separation is not appropriate.”

Pub. L. 97–248, title I, § 122(j), formerly § 122(i), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 363, as redesignated by Pub. L. 97–448, title III, § 309(a)(6), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2408, provided that the Secretary of Health and Human Services would conduct a study and, prior to January 1, 1986, report to the Congress on whether the reimbursement method and benefit structure (including copayments) for hospice care under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) were fair and equitable and promote the most efficient provision of hospice care.

Pub. L. 97–248, title I, § 122(k), formerly § 122(j), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 363, as redesignated and amended by Pub. L. 97–448, title III, § 309(a)(6), (7), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2408, provided that: “The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall grant waivers of the limitations imposed by section 1814(i)(2) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395f(i)(2)] (relating to the cap amount), section 1861(dd)(1)(G) of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1395x(dd)(1)(G)] (relating to the limitations on the frequency and number of respite care days), and section 1861(dd)(2)(A)(iii) of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1395x(dd)(2)(A)(iii)] (relating to the aggregate limit on the number of days of inpatient care), as may be necessary to allow any institution which commenced operations as a hospice prior to January 1, 1975, to participate until October 1, 1986, in a viable manner as a hospice program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.].”

Pub. L. 93–233, § 16, Dec. 31, 1973, 87 Stat. 967, provided that: “In the administration of titles V, XVIII, and XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 701 et seq., 1395 et seq., 1396 et seq.], the amount payable under such title to any provider of services on account of services provided by such hospital, skilled nursing facility, or home health agency shall be determined (for any period with respect to which the amendments made by section 233 of Public Law 92–603 [this section and sections 706, 709, 1395l, and 1396b of this title] would, except for the provisions of this section, be applicable) in like manner as if the date contained in the first and second sentences of subsection (f) of such section 233 [set out as an Effective Date of 1972 Amendment note above] were December 31, 1973, rather than December 31, 1972.”