(a) In general. The Office of Hearings and Appeals (OHA), headed by a Director, is an authorized representative of the Secretary for the purpose of hearing, considering, and deciding matters within the jurisdiction of the Department involving hearings, appeals, and other review functions of the Secretary, including those established by statute, regulations, or policy. OHA may hear, consider, and decide those matters as fully and finally as might the Secretary, subject to any limitations on its delegated authority imposed by the Secretary.

(b) OHA Units—(1) Departmental Cases Hearings Division. (i) The Departmental Cases Hearings Division (DCHD) is composed of administrative law judges (ALJs) who conduct formal hearings under the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 554,as.

(ii) Rules applicable to proceedings before DCHD are contained in procedures in subpart C of this part, and, for particular types of proceedings, in regulations located in other parts and subparts of title 43 as well as in other parts of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(2) Probate Hearings Division. (i) The Probate Hearings Division (P.h.D) is composed of ALJs and Indian probate judges (IPJs) who conduct formal hearings to determine the rightful heirs and devisees of decedents who owned trust or restricted property. ALJs, IPJs, or other presiding officers may also conduct related informal proceedings.

(ii) Rules applicable to proceedings before Ph.D. are contained in part 30 of this subtitle and in regulations in other parts of the Code of Federal Regulations. Wherever there is any conflict between part 30 of this subtitle and subpart B of this part, part 30 will govern.

(3) Interior Board of Indian Appeals. (i) The Interior Board of Indian Appeals (IBIA) is composed of administrative judges (AJs) who issue final decisions for the Department on appeals of decisions issued by Departmental officials including the following:

(A) Administrative actions of officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, issued under 25 CFR chapter I, except as limited in 25 CFR chapter I or § 4.330 of this part;

(B) Decisions and orders of ALJs and IPJs in Indian probate matters; and

(C) Such other matters pertaining to Indians as are referred to IBIA by the Secretary, the OHA Director, or the Assistant Secretary-Indian Affairs for exercise of review authority of the Secretary.

(ii) Rules applicable to appeals before IBIA are contained in subpart D of this part and in regulations in other parts of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(4) Interior Board of Land Appeals. (i) The Interior Board of Land Appeals (IBLA) is composed of AJs who issue final decisions for the Department on appeals of decisions issued by Departmental officials related to the following:

(A) The use and disposition of public lands and resources, including land selections arising under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, as amended;

(B) The use and disposition of resources in, and authorization of activities on, the submerged lands of the Outer Continental Shelf;

(C) The collection of revenue from the development of Federal minerals and resources on the Outer Continental Shelf;

(D) In certain instances, minerals held in trust or restricted status for Indian Tribes and individual Indians, and royalties from leases of those minerals, subject to the restrictions in § 4.330 of this part; and

(E) The conduct of surface coal mining under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977.

(ii) Rules applicable to appeals before IBLA are contained in subpart E of this part and, for specific types of appeals, in subparts J and L of this part, and in regulations in other parts of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(c) Director's Office and Ad Hoc Boards of Appeals. (1) Appeals to the head of the Department that do not lie within the appellate review jurisdiction of a Standing Appeals Board and that are not specifically excepted in the general delegation of authority to the Director may be considered and ruled upon by the Director or an Ad Hoc Boards of Appeals appointed by the Director to consider the appeals and issue decisions.

(2) The Director or Ad Hoc Board of Appeals may decide finally for the Department all questions of fact and law necessary to complete adjudication of the issues. Jurisdiction of the Ad Hoc Board would include, but not be limited to, the appellate and review authority of the Secretary referred to in parts 13, 21, and 230 of this title and in 36 CFR parts 8 and 20.

(3) The Director may designate appropriate presiding officers and identify processes in accordance with statutes and regulations for hearings and appeals that are not specifically covered by an OHA Unit in paragraph (b) of this section. Rules applicable to hearings or appeals in the Director's office are contained in subpart G of this part, in procedures in other subparts in this part, and in other parts of the Code of Federal Regulations that address particular types of proceedings.

(a) Standing Appeals Boards. The Standing Appeals Boards consist of AJs and the Director as an ex officio member.

(1) The Director may designate a chief judge for each Standing Appeals Board. A chief judge is responsible for internal management and administration of the Standing Appeals Board, including management of the case docket. A chief judge is authorized to carry out such other duties as may be necessary to conduct the routine business of the Standing Appeals Board.

(2) A chief judge of a Standing Appeals Board may assign an appeal to a panel of any two AJs of the Standing Appeals Board, but if the AJs assigned to the panel cannot agree on a decision, a chief judge may assign one or more additional AJs to consider the appeal. The concurrence of a majority of the AJs who consider an appeal is sufficient for a decision.

(3) Decisions of a Standing Appeals Board must be in writing and signed by not less than a majority of the AJs who considered the appeal. The Director, being an ex officio member of the Standing Appeals Board, may participate in the consideration of any appeal and sign the resulting decision.

(b) Hearings Divisions. The Hearings Divisions consist of ALJs and, where authorized, IPJs. The Director may designate a chief judge for each Hearings Division. A chief judge is responsible for internal management and administration of the Hearings Division, including management of case dockets. A chief judge is authorized to carry out such other duties as may be necessary to conduct the routine business of the Hearings Division.

(c) Other hearings and appeals. For hearings and appeals that are not within the jurisdiction of an OHA Unit, the Director will designate or appoint the appropriate OHA officials to an Ad Hoc Board of Appeals or as a presiding officer consistent with the applicable statute or regulation.

(a) Appearances generally. Representation of parties in proceedings before OHA is governed by part 1 of this subtitle, which regulates practice before the Department of the Interior.

(b) Representation of the Government. When the Department's Office of the Solicitor represents an agency, bureau, or office of the Department in a proceeding before OHA, it will do so in the same manner as private counsel represents a client. Government counsel for other agencies, bureaus or offices of the Federal Government involved in any proceeding before OHA will represent the Government agency in the same manner as a private counsel represents a client.

(c) Appearances as amicus curiae. Any person or entity who seeks to appear as amicus curiae in a proceeding must make a timely request within 30 days of the date the matter is docketed by OHA unless another time period is specified by regulation. The request must state the grounds for the request. OHA retains sole discretion to grant or deny each request. If OHA grants a request, it retains sole discretion to determine the scope of the amicus appearance.

Part 2 of this subtitle prescribes the rules governing availability of the public records of OHA. Contact information for offices referenced in this part is available in the OHA Standing Orders on Contact Information on the Department of the Interior OHA website at https://www.doi.gov/oha.

(a) Secretary. Nothing in this part may deprive the Secretary of any power conferred upon the Secretary by law including:

(1) The authority to take jurisdiction at any stage of any case before any employee of the Department, including any judge or other presiding officer of OHA, and render the final decision in the matter after holding such hearing as may be required by law; and

(2) The authority to review any decision of any employee of the Department, including any judge or other presiding officer of OHA, or to direct any such employee or employees to reconsider a decision; and

(3) The authority to appoint judges to OHA.

(b) Director. Nothing in this part may deprive the Director of any power delegated by the Secretary or otherwise conferred upon the Director by law.

(1) The Director may assume jurisdiction of any case before any Appeals Board or review any decision of any Appeals Board or direct reconsideration of any decision by any Appeals Board.

(2) The Director has the authority to appoint an Ad Hoc Board of Appeals, designate presiding officers to conduct hearings or proceedings, identify appropriate procedures if not otherwise specified by statute or regulations, or fulfill other hearings and appeals needs of the Department.

(3) The Director is responsible for the internal management and administration of OHA and its units including managing case dockets. The Director is authorized to carry out such other duties as may be necessary to conduct the routine business of OHA and its units.

(4) The Director may issue OHA Standing Orders to convey current information to parties and the public. This includes, but is not limited to, the OHA Standing Orders on Contact Information for Department of the Interior offices referenced in this part and the OHA Standing Orders on Electronic Transmission to convey information related to electronic transmission, including filing and service. The OHA Standing Orders may be issued in the event of an emergency or other contingency. The OHA Standing Orders are available on the Department of the Interior OHA website at https://www.doi.gov/oha.

(c) Exercise of reserved power. If the Secretary or Director assumes jurisdiction of a case or reviews a decision, the parties and the appropriate Departmental personnel will be advised of such action, the administrative record will be requested, and, after the review process is completed, the Secretary or Director will issue a decision.

In this part:

Administrative judge or AJ means an administrative judge in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

Administrative law judge or ALJ means an administrative law judge in the Office of Hearings and Appeals appointed under the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 3105.

Appeals Board means the Interior Board of Land Appeals, the Interior Board of Indian Appeals, or an Ad Hoc Board of Appeals in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

BIA means the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the Department of the Interior.

BIE means the Bureau of Indian Education in the Department of the Interior.

BLM means the Bureau of Land Management in the Department of the Interior.

BOEM means the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management in the Department of the Interior.

BOR means the Bureau of Reclamation in the Department of the Interior.

BSEE means the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement in the Department of the Interior.

Bureau or Office means one of the bureaus or offices within the Department of the Interior, other than OHA, and may include BIA, BIE, BLM, BOEM, BOR, BSEE, FWS, ONRR, OSMRE, or any predecessor or successor organization, as appropriate.

DCHD means the Departmental Cases Hearings Division in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

Department means Department of the Interior.

Director means the Director of the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

FWS means the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Department of the Interior.

IBIA means the Interior Board of Indian Appeals in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

IBLA means the Interior Board of Land Appeals in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

Indian probate judge or IPJ means an attorney in the Office of Hearings and Appeals authorized to adjudicate Indian probate cases under 25 U.S.C. 372-2.

Interested person or entity means any person or entity with an interest in the agency proceeding that is greater than the interest that the public as a whole may have.

Judge means an administrative judge, an Indian probate judge, or an administrative law judge in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

OHA means the Office of Hearings and Appeals in the Department of the Interior.

OHA Standing Order means a notice that contains information for parties and the public that is issued by the OHA Director pursuant to § 4.5(b)(4) and made available on the Department of the Interior OHA website at https://www.doi.gov/oha.

OHA Unit means the DCHD, IBIA, IBLA, or PHD

ONRR means the Office of Natural Resources Revenue in the Department of the Interior.

OSM or OSMRE means the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement in the Department of the Interior.

Person or entity means an individual; a corporation; partnership; trust; institution; association; organization; any other private entity; any officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of the United States; any officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of any Indian Tribe; or any officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of any State or political subdivision.

PHD means the Probate Hearings Division in the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

Presiding officer means a judge, attorney, or other official designated by the Director to adjudicate a matter pending before the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior.

Solicitor's Office means the Department of the Interior Solicitor's office.

Standing Appeals Board means the IBIA or IBLA.

WELSA means White Earth Reservation Land Settlement Act.