Regulations last checked for updates: May 01, 2025
Title 40 - Protection of Environment last revised: Nov 01, 2025
§ 471.50 - Applicability; description of the refractory metals forming subcategory.
This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the refractory metals forming subcategory.
§ 471.51 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):
(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(b) Rolling spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.815 | 0.429
|
| Nickel | 0.824 | 0.545
|
| Fluoride | 25.5 | 11.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.84 | 1.47
|
| Oil and grease | 8.58 | 5.15
|
| TSS | 17.6 | 8.37
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded
|
| Copper | 2.26 | 1.19
|
| Nickel | 2.29 | 1.51
|
| Fluoride | 70.8 | 31.4
|
| Molybdenum | 7.87 | 4.07
|
| Oil and grease | 23.8 | 14.3
|
| TSS | 48.8 | 23.2
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Forging contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water
|
| Copper | 0.614 | 0.323
|
| Nickel | 0.620 | 0.410
|
| Fluoride | 19.2 | 8.53
|
| Molybdenum | 2.14 | 1.11
|
| Oil and grease | 6.46 | 3.88
|
| TSS | 13.3 | 6.30
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 2.59 | 1.36
|
| Nickel | 2.61 | 1.73
|
| Fluoride | 80.9 | 35.9
|
| Molybdenum | 8.99 | 4.65
|
| Oil and grease | 27.2 | 16.3
|
| TSS | 55.8 | 26.5
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(i) Metal powder production wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced
|
| Copper | 0.534 | 0.281
|
| Nickel | 0.540 | 0.357
|
| Fluoride | 16.70 | 7.42
|
| Molybdenum | 1.86 | 0.961
|
| Oil and grease | 5.62 | 3.37
|
| TSS | 11.5 | 5.48
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(l) Surface treatment spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 0.739 | 0.389
|
| Nickel | 0.747 | 0.494
|
| Fluoride | 23.2 | 10.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.57 | 1.33
|
| Oil and grease | 7.78 | 4.68
|
| TSS | 16.0 | 7.59
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(m) Surface treatment rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 230 | 121
|
| Nickel | 232 | 154
|
| Fluoride | 7,200 | 3,200
|
| Molybdenum | 800 | 414
|
| Oil and grease | 2,420 | 1,450
|
| TSS | 4,960 | 2,360
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.635 | 0.334
|
| Nickel | 0.641 | 0.424
|
| Fluoride | 19.9 | 8.82
|
| Molybdenum | 2.21 | 1.14
|
| Oil and grease | 6.68 | 4.01
|
| TSS | 13.7 | 6.51
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 1,550 | 816
|
| Nickel | 1,570 | 1,040
|
| Fluoride | 48,600 | 21,600
|
| Molybdenum | 5,400 | 2,790
|
| Oil and grease | 16,300 | 9,790
|
| TSS | 33,500 | 15,900
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(p) Molten salt rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt
|
| Copper | 12.1 | 6.33
|
| Nickel | 12.2 | 8.04
|
| Fluoride | 377 | 167
|
| Molybdenum | 41.9 | 21.7
|
| Oil and grease | 127 | 76.0
|
| TSS | 260 | 124
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished
|
| Copper | 23.8 | 12.5
|
| Nickel | 24.0 | 15.9
|
| Fluoride | 744 | 330
|
| Molybdenum | 82.7 | 42.8
|
| Oil and grease | 250 | 150
|
| TSS | 513 | 244
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.565 | 0.297
|
| Nickel | 0.570 | 0.377
|
| Fluoride | 17.7 | 7.84
|
| Molybdenum | 1.97 | 1.02
|
| Oil and grease | 5.94 | 3.57
|
| TSS | 12.2 | 5.79
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 46.2 | 24.3
|
| Nickel | 46.7 | 30.9
|
| Fluoride | 1450 | 642
|
| Molybdenum | 161 | 83.1
|
| Oil and grease | 486 | 292
|
| TSS | 997 | 474
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed
|
| Copper | 0.257 | 0.135
|
| Nickel | 0.259 | 0.172
|
| Fluoride | 8.03 | 3.57
|
| Molybdenum | 0.893 | 0.462
|
| Oil and grease | 2.70 | 1.62
|
| TSS | 5.54 | 2.63
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(v) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground, surface coated or surface treated
|
| Copper | 1.50 | 0.787
|
| Nickel | 1.51 | 1.00
|
| Fluoride | 46.8 | 20.8
|
| Molybdenum | 5.20 | 2.69
|
| Oil and grease | 15.8 | 9.45
|
| TSS | 32.3 | 15.4
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(w) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.656 | 0.345
|
| Nickel | 0.663 | 0.438
|
| Fluoride | 20.6 | 9.11
|
| Molybdenum | 2.28 | 1.18
|
| Oil and grease | 6.9 | 4.14
|
| TSS | 14.2 | 6.73
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tested
|
| Copper | 0.150 | 0.078
|
| Nickel | 0.150 | 0.099
|
| Fluoride | 4.60 | 2.00
|
| Molybdenum | 0.513 | 0.266
|
| Oil and grease | 1.60 | 0.930
|
| TSS | 3.20 | 1.50
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(y) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart E—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2886, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.52 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):
(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(b) Rolling spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.549 | 0.262
|
| Nickel | 0.236 | 0.157
|
| Fluoride | 25.5 | 11.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.16 | 0.957 |
(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded
|
| Copper | 1.5 | 0.730
|
| Nickel | 0.650 | 0.440
|
| Fluoride | 71.000 | 31.0
|
| Molybdenum | 5.99 | 2.66 |
(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Forging contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water
|
| Copper | 0.041 | 0.020
|
| Nickel | 0.018 | 0.012
|
| Fluoride | 1.92 | 0.853
|
| Molybdenum | 0.163 | 0.072 |
(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.174 | 0.083
|
| Nickel | 0.075 | 0.051
|
| Fluoride | 8.09 | 3.59
|
| Molybdenum | 0.684 | 0.303 |
(i) Metal powder production wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced
|
| Copper | 0.360 | 0.172
|
| Nickel | 0.155 | 0.104
|
| Fluoride | 16.7 | 7.42
|
| Molybdenum | 1.42 | 0.627 |
(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(l) Surface treatment spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 0.498 | 0.237
|
| Nickel | 0.214 | 0.144
|
| Fluoride | 23.2 | 10.3
|
| Molybdenum | 1.96 | 0.868 |
(m) Surface treatment rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 15.5 | 7.38
|
| Nickel | 6.66 | 4.48
|
| Fluoride | 720 | 320
|
| Molybdenum | 60.9 | 27.0 |
(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.428 | 0.204
|
| Nickel | 0.184 | 0.124
|
| Fluoride | 19.9 | 8.82
|
| Molybdenum | 1.68 | 0.745 |
(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 10.5 | 4.98
|
| Nickel | 4.49 | 3.02
|
| Fluoride | 486 | 216
|
| Molybdenum | 41.1 | 18.2 |
(p) Molten salt rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt
|
| Copper | 0.810 | 0.386
|
| Nickel | 0.348 | 0.234
|
| Fluoride | 37.7 | 16.7
|
| Molybdenum | 3.19 | 1.41 |
(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished
|
| Copper | 1.60 | 0.763
|
| Nickel | 0.688 | 0.463
|
| Fluoride | 74.4 | 33.0
|
| Molybdenum | 6.29 | 2.79 |
(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.380 | 0.181
|
| Nickel | 0.164 | 0.110
|
| Fluoride | 17.7 | 7.84
|
| Molybdenum | 1.50 | 0.663 |
(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.11 | 1.48
|
| Nickel | 1.34 | 0.899
|
| Fluoride | 145.0 | 64.2
|
| Molybdenum | 12.2 | 5.42 |
(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed
|
| Copper | 0.018 | 0.009
|
| Nickel | 0.008 | 0.005
|
| Fluoride | 0.803 | 0.357
|
| Molybdenum | 0.068 | 0.030 |
(v) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed, surface coated or surface treated
|
| Copper | 1.01 | 0.480
|
| Nickel | 0.433 | 0.291
|
| Fluoride | 46.8 | 20.8
|
| Molybdenum | 3.96 | 1.76 |
(w) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.442 | 0.211
|
| Nickel | 0.190 | 0.128
|
| Fluoride | 20.6 | 9.11
|
| Molybdenum | 1.74 | 0.770 |
(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals product tested
|
| Copper | 0.100 | 0.048
|
| Nickel | 0.043 | 0.029
|
| Fluoride | 4.62 | 2.05
|
| Molybdenum | 0.391 | 0.173 |
(y) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2886, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.53 - New source performance standards (NSPS).
Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards (NSPS):
(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(b) Rolling spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.549 | 0.262
|
| Nickel | 0.236 | 0.159
|
| Fluoride | 25.5 | 11.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.16 | 0.957
|
| Oil and grease | 4.29 | 4.29
|
| TSS | 6.44 | 5.15
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded
|
| Copper | 1.53 | 0.726
|
| Nickel | 0.655 | 0.441
|
| Fluoride | 70.8 | 31.4
|
| Molybdenum | 5.99 | 2.66
|
| Oil and grease | 11.9 | 11.9
|
| TSS | 17.9 | 14.3
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Forging contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water
|
| Copper | 0.041 | 0.020
|
| Nickel | 0.018 | 0.012
|
| Fluoride | 1.92 | 0.853
|
| Molybdenum | 0.163 | 0.072
|
| Oil and grease | 0.323 | 0.323
|
| TSS | 0.485 | 0.388
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.174 | 0.083
|
| Nickel | 0.075 | 0.051
|
| Fluoride | 8.09 | 3.59
|
| Molybdenum | 0.684 | 0.303
|
| Oil and grease | 1.36 | 1.36
|
| TSS | 2.04 | 1.63
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(i) Metal powder production wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced
|
| Copper | 0.360 | 0.172
|
| Nickel | 0.155 | 0.104
|
| Fluoride | 16.7 | 7.42
|
| Molybdenum | 1.42 | 0.627
|
| Oil and grease | 2.81 | 2.81
|
| TSS | 4.22 | 3.37
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(l) Surface treatment spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 0.498 | 0.237
|
| Nickel | 0.214 | 0.144
|
| Fluoride | 23.2 | 10.3
|
| Molybdenum | 1.96 | 0.868
|
| Oil and grease | 3.89 | 3.89
|
| TSS | 5.84 | 4.67
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(m) Surface treatment rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 15.5 | 7.38
|
| Nickel | 6.66 | 4.48
|
| Fluoride | 720 | 320
|
| Molybdenum | 69.9 | 27.0
|
| Oil and grease | 121 | 121
|
| TSS | 182 | 145
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.428 | 0.204
|
| Nickel | .184 | 0.124
|
| Fluoride | 19.9 | 8.82
|
| Molybdenum | 1.68 | 0.745
|
| Oil and grease | 3.34 | 3.34
|
| TSS | 5.01 | 4.01
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 10.5 | 4.98
|
| Nickel | 4.49 | 3.02
|
| Fluoride | 486 | 216
|
| Molybdenum | 41.1 | 18.2
|
| Oil and grease | 81.6 | 81.6
|
| TSS | 123 | 97.9
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(p) Molten salt rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt
|
| Copper | 0.810 | 0.386
|
| Nickel | 0.348 | 0.234
|
| Fluoride | 37.7 | 16.7
|
| Molybdenum | 3.19 | 1.41
|
| Oil and grease | 6.33 | 6.33
|
| TSS | 9.5 | 7.6
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished
|
| Copper | 1.60 | 0.763
|
| Nickel | 0.688 | 0.463
|
| Fluoride | 74.4 | 33.0
|
| Molybdenum | 6.29 | 2.79
|
| Oil and grease | 12.5 | 12.5
|
| TSS | 18.8 | 15.0
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.380 | 0.181
|
| Nickel | 0.164 | 0.110
|
| Fluoride | 17.7 | 7.84
|
| Molybdenum | 1.5 | 0.663
|
| Oil and grease | 2.97 | 2.97
|
| TSS | 4.46 | 3.57
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.11 | 1.48
|
| Nickel | 1.34 | 0.899
|
| Fluoride | 145 | 64.2
|
| Molybdenum | 12.2 | 5.42
|
| Oil and grease | 24.3 | 24.3
|
| TSS | 36.5 | 29.2
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed
|
| Copper | 0.018 | 0.009
|
| Nickel | 0.008 | 0.005
|
| Fluoride | 0.803 | 0.357
|
| Molybdenum | 0.068 | 0.030
|
| Oil and grease | 0.135 | 0.135
|
| TSS | 0.203 | 0.162
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(v) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed, ground, surface coated or surface treated
|
| Copper | 1.01 | 0.480
|
| Nickel | 0.433 | 0.291
|
| Fluoride | 46.8 | 20.8
|
| Molybdenum | 3.96 | 1.76
|
| Oil and grease | 7.87 | 7.87
|
| TSS | 11.8 | 9.45
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(w) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.442 | 0.211
|
| Nickel | 0.190 | 0.128
|
| Fluoride | 20.6 | 9.11
|
| Molybdenum | 1.74 | 0.770
|
| Oil and grease | 3.45 | 3.45
|
| TSS | 5.18 | 4.14
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals product tested
|
| Copper | 0.100 | 0.048
|
| Nickel | 0.043 | 0.029
|
| Fluoride | 4.62 | 2.05
|
| Molybdenum | 0.391 | 0.173
|
| Oil and grease | 0.776 | 0.776
|
| TSS | 1.17 | 0.931
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(y) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2886, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.54 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and by August 23, 1988 achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). The mass of wastewater pollutants in refractory metals forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:
(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(b) Rolling spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.815 | 0.429
|
| Nickel | 0.824 | 0.545
|
| Fluoride | 25.5 | 11.4
|
| Molybdenum | 2.84 | 1.47 |
(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded
|
| Copper | 2.26 | 1.19
|
| Nickel | 2.29 | 1.51
|
| Fluoride | 70.8 | 31.4
|
| Molybdenum | 7.87 | 4.07 |
(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Forging contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water
|
| Copper | 0.062 | 0.033
|
| Nickel | 0.062 | 0.041
|
| Fluoride | 1.92 | 0.853
|
| Molybdenum | 0.214 | 0.111 |
(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.259 | 0.136
|
| Nickel | 0.261 | 0.173
|
| Fluoride | 8.09 | 3.59
|
| Molybdenum | 0.899 | 0.465 |
(i) Metal powder production wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced
|
| Copper | 0.534 | 0.281
|
| Nickel | 0.540 | 0.357
|
| Fluoride | 16.7 | 7.42
|
| Molybdenum | 1.86 | 0.961 |
(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(l) Surface treatment spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 0.739 | 0.389
|
| Nickel | 0.747 | 0.494
|
| Fluoride | 23.2 | 10.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.57 | 1.33 |
(m) Surface treatment rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 23.0 | 12.1
|
| Nickel | 23.3 | 15.4
|
| Fluoride | 720 | 320
|
| Molybdenum | 80.0 | 41.4 |
(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.635 | 0.334
|
| Nickel | 0.642 | 0.424
|
| Fluoride | 19.9 | 8.82
|
| Molybdenum | 2.21 | 1.14 |
(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 15.5 | 8.16
|
| Nickel | 15.7 | 10.4
|
| Fluoride | 486. | 216.0
|
| Molybdenum | 54.0 | 27.9 |
(p) Molten salt rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt
|
| Copper | 1.20 | 0.633
|
| Nickel | 1.22 | 0.804
|
| Fluoride | 37.7 | 16.7
|
| Molybdenum | 4.19 | 2.17 |
(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished
|
| Copper | 2.38 | 1.25
|
| Nickel | 2.40 | 1.59
|
| Fluoride | 74.4 | 33.0
|
| Molybdenum | 8.27 | 4.28 |
(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.565 | 0.297
|
| Nickel | 0.570 | 0.377
|
| Fluoride | 17.7 | 7.84
|
| Molybdenum | 1.97 | 1.02 |
(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 4.62 | 2.43
|
| Nickel | 4.67 | 3.09
|
| Fluoride | 145. | 64.2
|
| Molybdenum | 16.1 | 8.31 |
(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed
|
| Copper | 0.026 | 0.014
|
| Nickel | 0.026 | 0.017
|
| Fluoride | 0.804 | 0.357
|
| Molybdenum | 0.089 | 0.046 |
(v) Wet air pollution control blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed, surface coated or surface treated
|
| Copper | 1.50 | 0.787
|
| Nickel | 1.51 | 1.00
|
| Fluoride | 46.9 | 20.8
|
| Molybdenum | 5.20 | 2.69 |
(w) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.656 | 0.345
|
| Nickel | 0.663 | 0.438
|
| Fluoride | 20.6 | 9.11
|
| Molybdenum | 2.28 | 1.18 |
(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals product tested
|
| Copper | 0.148 | 0.078
|
| Nickel | 0.149 | 0.099
|
| Fluoride | 4.62 | 2.05
|
| Molybdenum | 0.513 | 0.266 |
(y) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart E—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2887, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.55 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS). The mass of wastewater pollutants in the refractory metals forming process wastewater shall not exceed the values set forth below:
(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(b) Rolling spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.549 | 0.262
|
| Nickel | 0.236 | 0.159
|
| Fluoride | 25.5 | 11.3
|
| Molybdenum | 2.16 | 0.957 |
(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded
|
| Copper | 1.53 | 0.726
|
| Nickel | 0.655 | 0.441
|
| Fluoride | 70.8 | 31.4
|
| Molybdenum | 5.99 | 2.66 |
(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Forging contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water
|
| Copper | 0.041 | 0.320
|
| Nickel | 0.018 | 0.021
|
| Fluoride | 1.92 | 0.853
|
| Molybdenum | 0.163 | 0.072 |
(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.174 | 0.083
|
| Nickel | 0.075 | 0.051
|
| Fluoride | 8.09 | 3.59
|
| Molybdenum | 0.684 | 0.303 |
(i) Metal powder production wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced
|
| Copper | 0.360 | 0.172
|
| Nickel | 0.155 | 0.104
|
| Fluoride | 16.7 | 7.42
|
| Molybdenum | 1.42 | 0.627 |
(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(l) Surface treatment spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 0.498 | 0.237
|
| Nickel | 0.214 | 0.144
|
| Fluoride | 23.2 | 10.3
|
| Molybdenum | 1.96 | 0.868 |
(m) Surface treatment rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated
|
| Copper | 15.5 | 7.38
|
| Nickel | 6.66 | 4.48
|
| Fluoride | 720 | 320
|
| Molybdenum | 60.9 | 27.0 |
(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.428 | 0.204
|
| Nickel | 0.184 | 0.124
|
| Fluoride | 19.9 | 8.82
|
| Molybdenum | 1.68 | 0.745 |
(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned
|
| Copper | 10.5 | 4.98
|
| Nickel | 4.49 | 3.02
|
| Fluoride | 48.6 | 216
|
| Molybdenum | 41.1 | 18.2 |
(p) Molten salt rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt
|
| Copper | 0.810 | 0.386
|
| Nickel | 0.348 | 0.234
|
| Fluoride | 37.7 | 16.7
|
| Molybdenum | 3.19 | 1.41 |
(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished
|
| Copper | 1.60 | 0.763
|
| Nickel | 0.688 | 0.463
|
| Fluoride | 74.4 | 33.0
|
| Molybdenum | 6.29 | 2.79 |
(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge or process wastewater pollutants.
(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.380 | 0.181
|
| Nickel | 0.164 | 0.110
|
| Fluoride | 17.7 | 7.84
|
| Molybdenum | 1.50 | 0.663 |
(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.11 | 1.48
|
| Nickel | 1.34 | 0.899
|
| Fluoride | 145 | 64.2
|
| Molybdenum | 12.2 | 5.42 |
(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed
|
| Copper | 0.018 | 0.009
|
| Nickel | 0.008 | 0.005
|
| Fluoride | 0.803 | 0.357
|
| Molybdenum | 0.068 | 0.030 |
(v) Wet air pollution control blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed, ground, surface coated or surface treated
|
| Copper | 1.01 | 0.480
|
| Nickel | 0.433 | 0.291
|
| Fluoride | 46.8 | 20.8
|
| Molybdenum | 3.96 | 1.76 |
(w) Miscellaneous wastewater source.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed
|
| Copper | 0.442 | 0.211
|
| Nickel | 0.192 | 0.128
|
| Fluoride | 20.6 | 9.11
|
| Molybdenum | 1.74 | 0.770 |
(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals product tested
|
| Copper | 0.100 | 0.048
|
| Nickel | 0.043 | 0.029
|
| Fluoride | 4.62 | 2.05
|
| Molybdenum | 0.391 | 0.173 |
(y) Degreasing spend solvents—subpart E—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2887, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.56 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]
authority: Secs. 301, 304(b), (c), (e), and (g), 306(b) and (c), 307, 308, and 501 of the Clean Water Act (the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977) (the “Act”);
33 U.S.C. 1311,
1314,
c,
e,
and, 1316(b) and
c,
and; 86 Stat. 816, Pub. L. 92-500; 91 Stat. 1567, Pub. L. 95-217
source: 50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
cite as: 40 CFR 471.51