Regulations last checked for updates: May 01, 2025
Title 40 - Protection of Environment last revised: Nov 01, 2025
§ 421.180 - Applicability: Description of the primary and secondary germanium and gallium subcategory.
The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges resulting from the production of germanium or gallium from primary and secondary germanium and gallium facilities.
§ 421.181 - Specialized definitions.
For the purpose of this subpart the general definitions, abbreviations and methods of analysis set forth in 40 CFR part 401 shall apply to this subpart.
§ 421.182 - Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available.
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart shall achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable technology currently available:
(a) Still liquor.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 131.700 | 58.590
|
| Lead | 26.460 | 12.600
|
| Zinc | 91.980 | 38.430
|
| Fluoride | 2,205.000 | 1,254.000
|
| Total suspended solids | 2,583.000 | 1,229.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(b) Chlorinator wet air pollution control.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 27.530 | 12.250
|
| Lead | 5.531 | 2.634
|
| Zinc | 19.230 | 8.034
|
| Fluoride | 461.000 | 262.100
|
| Total suspended solids | 540.000 | 256.800
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Germanium hydrolysis filtrate.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 39.440 | 17.550
|
| Lead | 7.925 | 3.774
|
| Zinc | 27.550 | 11.510
|
| Fluoride | 660.500 | 375.500
|
| Total suspended solids | 773.700 | 368.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(d) Acid wash and rinse water.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium washed
|
| Arsenic | 325.500 | 144.800
|
| Lead | 65.400 | 31.140
|
| Zinc | 227.400 | 94.990
|
| Fluoride | 5,450.000 | 3,099.000
|
| Total suspended solids | 6,385.000 | 3,037.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(e) Gallium hydrolysis filtrate.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 70.450 | 31.350
|
| Lead | 14.160 | 6.742
|
| Zinc | 49.220 | 20.560
|
| Fluoride | 1,180.000 | 670.800
|
| Total suspended solids | 1,382.000 | 657.300
|
| pH | (
1) |
1)
|
(f) Solvent extraction raffinate.
BPT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium produced by solvent extraction
|
| Arsenic | 39.330 | 17.500
|
| Lead | 7.904 | 3.764
|
| Zinc | 27.480 | 11.480
|
| Fluoride | 658.700 | 374.500
|
| Total suspended solids | 771.600 | 367.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
§ 421.183 - Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable.
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart shall achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable:
(a) Still liquor.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 131.700 | 58.590
|
| Lead | 26.460 | 12.600
|
| Zinc | 91.980 | 38.430
|
| Fluoride | 2,205.000 | 1,254.000 |
(b) Chlorinator wet air pollution control.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 27.530 | 12.250
|
| Lead | 5.531 | 2.634
|
| Zinc | 19.230 | 8.034
|
| Fluoride | 461.000 | 262.100 |
(c) Germanium hydrolysis filtrate.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 39.440 | 17.550
|
| Lead | 7.925 | 3.774
|
| Zinc | 27.550 | 11.510
|
| Fluoride | 660.500 | 375.500 |
(d) Acid wash and rinse water.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium washed
|
| Arsenic | 325.50 | 144.80
|
| Lead | 65.40 | 31.14
|
| Zinc | 227.40 | 94.99
|
| Fluoride | 5,450.00 | 3,099.00 |
(e) Gallium hydrolysis filtrate.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 70.450 | 31.350
|
| Lead | 14.160 | 6.742
|
| Zinc | 49.220 | 20.560
|
| Fluoride | 1,180.000 | 670.800 |
(f) Solvent extraction raffinate.
BAT Limitations for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium produced by solvent extraction
|
| Arsenic | 39.330 | 17.500
|
| Lead | 7.904 | 3.764
|
| Zinc | 27.480 | 11.480
|
| Fluoride | 658.700 | 374.500 |
§ 421.184 - Standards of performance for new sources.
Any new source subject to this subpart shall achieve the following new source performance standards:
(a) Still liquor.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 131.70 | 58.59
|
| Lead | 26.46 | 12.60
|
| Zinc | 91.98 | 38.43
|
| Fluoride | 2,205.00 | 1,254.00
|
| Total suspended solids | 2,583.00 | 1,229.00
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(b) Chlorinator wet air pollution control.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 27.530 | 12.250
|
| Lead | 5.531 | 2.634
|
| Zinc | 19.230 | 8.034
|
| Fluoride | 461.000 | 262.100
|
| Total suspended solids | 540.000 | 256.800
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Germanium hydrolysis filtrate.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for 1 one day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg pounds per million pounds) of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 39.440 | 17.550
|
| Lead | 7.925 | 3.774
|
| Zinc | 27.550 | 11.510
|
| Fluoride | 660.500 | 375.500
|
| Total suspended solids | 773.700 | 368.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(d) Acid wash and rinse water.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium washed
|
| Arsenic | 325.50 | 144.80
|
| Lead | 65.40 | 31.14
|
| Zinc | 227.40 | 94.99
|
| Fluoride | 5,450.00 | 3,099.00
|
| Total suspended solids | 6,385.00 | 3,037.00
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(e) Gallium hydrolysis filtrate.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 70.450 | 31.350
|
| Lead | 14.160 | 6.742
|
| Zinc | 49.220 | 20.560
|
| Fluoride | 1,180.000 | 670.800
|
| Total suspended solids | 1,382.000 | 657.300
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(f) Solvent extraction raffinate.
NSPS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium produced by solvent extraction
|
| Arsenic | 39.330 | 17.500
|
| Lead | 7.904 | 3.764
|
| Zinc | 27.480 | 11.480
|
| Fluoride | 658.700 | 374.500
|
| Total suspended solids | 771.600 | 367.000
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
§ 421.185 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources. The mass of wastewater pollutants in primary and secondary germanium and gallium process wastewater introduced into a POTW must not exceed the following values:
(a) Still liquor.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 131.70 | 58.59
|
| Lead | 26.46 | 12.60
|
| Zinc | 91.98 | 38.43
|
| Fluoride | 2,205.00 | 1,254.00 |
(b) Chlorinator wet air pollution control.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 27.530 | 12.250
|
| Lead | 5.531 | 2.634
|
| Zinc | 19.230 | 8.034
|
| Fluoride | 461.000 | 262.100 |
(c) Germanium hydrolysis filtrate.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 39.440 | 17.550
|
| Lead | 7.925 | 3.774
|
| Zinc | 27.550 | 11.510
|
| Fluoride | 660.500 | 375.500 |
(d) Acid wash and rinse water.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of germanium washed
|
| Arsenic | 325.50 | 144.80
|
| Lead | 65.40 | 31.14
|
| Zinc | 227.40 | 94.99
|
| Fluoride | 5,450.00 | 3,099.00 |
(e) Gallium hydrolysis filtrate.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 70.450 | 31.350
|
| Lead | 14.160 | 6.742
|
| Zinc | 49.220 | 20.560
|
| Fluoride | 1,180.000 | 670.800 |
(f) Solvent extraction raffinate.
PSES for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium produced by solvent extraction
|
| Arsenic | 39.330 | 17.500
|
| Lead | 7.904 | 3.764
|
| Zinc | 27.480 | 11.480
|
| Fluoride | 658.700 | 374.500 |
§ 421.186 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources. The mass of wastewater pollutants in primary and secondary germanium and gallium process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:
(a) Still Liquor.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per/million pounds of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 131.70 | 58.59
|
| Lead | 26.46 | 12.60
|
| Zinc | 91.98 | 38.43
|
| Fluoride | 2,205.00 | 1,254.00 |
(b) Chlorinator Wet Air Pollution Control.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per/million pounds of germanium chlorinated
|
| Arsenic | 27.530 | 12.250
|
| Lead | 5.531 | 2.634
|
| Zinc | 19.230 | 8.034
|
| Fluoride | 461.000 | 262.100 |
(c) Germanium Hydrolysis Filtrate.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per/million pounds of germanium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 39.440 | 17.550
|
| Lead | 7.925 | 3.774
|
| Zinc | 27.550 | 11.510
|
| Fluoride | 660.500 | 375.500 |
(d) Acid Wash and Rinse Water.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per/million pounds of germanium washed
|
| Arsenic | 325.50 | 144.80
|
| Lead | 65.40 | 31.14
|
| Zinc | 227.40 | 94.99
|
| Fluoride | 5,450.00 | 3,099.00 |
(e) Gallium Hydrolysis Filtrate.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium hydrolyzed
|
| Arsenic | 70.450 | 31.350
|
| Lead | 14.160 | 6.742
|
| Zinc | 49.220 | 20.560
|
| Fluoride | 1,180.000 | 670.800 |
(f) Solvent Extraction Raffinate.
PSNS for the Primary and Secondary Germanium and Gallium Subcategory
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| mg/kg (pounds per million pounds) of gallium produced by solvent extraction
|
| Arsenic | 39.330 | 17.500
|
| Lead | 7.904 | 3.764
|
| Zinc | 27.480 | 11.480
|
| Fluoride | 658.700 | 374.500 |
§ 421.187 - [Reserved]
authority: Secs. 301, 304 (b), (c), (e), and (g), 306 (b) and (c), 307 (b) and (c), 308 and 501 of the Clean Water Act (the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977) and the Water Quality Act of 1987 (the “Act”);
33 U.S.C. 1311,
1314,
c,
e,
and, 1316 (b) and
c, 1317 (b) and
c,
1318; 86 Stat. 816, Pub. L. 92-500; 91 Stat. 1567, Pub. L. 95-217; 101 Stat. 7, Pub. L. 100-4
source: 49 FR 8790, Mar. 8, 1984, unless otherwise noted.
cite as: 40 CFR 421.183