This subpart establishes national compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements for hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emitted from plywood and composite wood products (PCWP) manufacturing facilities. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements.

This subpart applies to you if you meet the criteria in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.

(a) You own or operate a PCWP manufacturing facility. A PCWP manufacturing facility is a facility that manufactures plywood and/or composite wood products by bonding wood material (fibers, particles, strands, veneers, etc.) or agricultural fiber, generally with resin under heat and pressure, to form a structural panel or engineered wood product. Plywood and composite wood products manufacturing facilities also include facilities that manufacture dry veneer and lumber kilns located at any facility. Plywood and composite wood products include, but are not limited to, plywood, veneer, particleboard, oriented strandboard, hardboard, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard, laminated strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, wood I-joists, kiln-dried lumber, and glue-laminated beams.

(b) The PCWP manufacturing facility is located at a major source of HAP emissions. A major source of HAP emissions is any stationary source or group of stationary sources within a contiguous area and under common control that emits or has the potential to emit any single HAP at a rate of 9.07 megagrams (10 tons) or more per year or any combination of HAP at a rate of 22.68 megagrams (25 tons) or more per year.

(a) This subpart applies to each new, reconstructed, or existing affected source at a PCWP manufacturing facility.

(b) The affected source is the collection of dryers, refiners, blenders, formers, presses, board coolers, and other process units associated with the manufacturing of plywood and composite wood products. The affected source includes, but is not limited to, green end operations, refining, drying operations (including any combustion unit exhaust stream routinely used to direct fire process unit(s)), resin preparation, blending and forming operations, pressing and board cooling operations, and miscellaneous finishing operations (such as sanding, sawing, patching, edge sealing, and other finishing operations not subject to other national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP)). The affected source also includes onsite storage and preparation of raw materials used in the manufacture of plywood and/or composite wood products, such as resins; onsite wastewater treatment operations specifically associated with plywood and composite wood products manufacturing; and miscellaneous coating operations (§ 63.2292). The affected source includes lumber kilns at PCWP manufacturing facilities and at any other kind of facility.

(c) An affected source is a new affected source if you commenced construction of the affected source after January 9, 2003, and you meet the applicability criteria at the time you commenced construction.

(d) An affected source is reconstructed if you meet the criteria as defined in § 63.2.

(e) An affected source is existing if it is not new or reconstructed.

(a) If you have a new or reconstructed affected source, you must comply with this subpart according to paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section, whichever is applicable.

(1) If the initial startup of your affected source is before September 28, 2004, then you must comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements for new and reconstructed sources in this subpart no later than September 28, 2004, except as otherwise specified in paragraph (e) of this section or elsewhere in this subpart.

(2) If the initial startup of your affected source is after September 28, 2004, then you must comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements for new and reconstructed sources in this subpart upon initial startup of your affected source, except as otherwise specified in paragraph (e) of this section or elsewhere in this subpart.

(b) If you have an existing affected source, you must comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements for existing sources no later than October 1, 2007, except as otherwise specified in paragraph (e) of this section or elsewhere in this subpart.

(c) If you have an area source that increases its emissions or its potential to emit such that it becomes a major source of HAP, you must be in compliance with this subpart by October 1, 2007 or upon initial startup of your affected source as a major source, whichever is later.

(d) You must meet the notification requirements according to the schedule in § 63.2280 and according to 40 CFR part 63, subpart A. Some of the notifications must be submitted before you are required to comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements in this subpart.

(e) The compliance dates in paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section apply for the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements that became effective on July 6, 2026. The compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements that became effective on July 6, 2026, are listed in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.

(1) If construction or reconstruction of your affected source is commenced after May 18, 2023, you must comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements listed in paragraph (e)(3) of this section beginning on July 6, 2026, or upon initial startup, whichever is later.

(2) If construction or reconstruction of your affected source is commenced on or before May 18, 2023, you must comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements listed in paragraph (e)(3) of this section beginning on July 6, 2029, except as otherwise specified for mixed PCWP process streams in § 63.2240(d)(5).

(3) The compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements that became effective on July 6, 2026, include the compliance options and operating requirements in § 63.2240(d) and (e) and tables 2 (rows 6 to 12), 1C, 1D, 1E, 4 (rows 12 to 19), 5 (rows 9 to 12), and 7 (rows 8 to 14) to this subpart; and the work practice requirements § 63.2241(d) through (g) and tables 3 (rows 9 to 14), 6 (rows 9 to 14), 8 (rows 9 to 17) and 11 to this subpart.

You must meet the compliance options and operating requirements described in tables 1A, 1B, and 2 to this subpart by using one or more of the compliance options listed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. You must meet the compliance options in tables 1C through 1E to this subpart according to paragraph (d) of this section. The process units subject to the compliance options are listed in tables 1A through 1E to this subpart and are defined in § 63.2292. You need only to meet one of the compliance options outlined in paragraph (a) or (b) of this section for each process unit. You cannot combine compliance options in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section for a single process unit. (For example, you cannot use a production-based compliance option in paragraph (a) of this section for one vent of a veneer dryer and an add-on control system compliance option in paragraph (b) of this section for another vent on the same veneer dryer. You must use either the production-based compliance option or an add-on control system compliance option for the entire dryer.)

(a) Production-based compliance options. You must meet the production-based total HAP compliance options in Table 1A to this subpart and the applicable operating requirements in Table 2 to this subpart. You may not use an add-on control system or wet control device to meet the production-based compliance options.

(b) Compliance options for add-on control systems. You must use an emissions control system and demonstrate that the resulting emissions meet the compliance options and operating requirements in Tables 1B and 2 to this subpart. If you own or operate a reconstituted wood product press at a new or existing affected source or a reconstituted wood product board cooler at a new affected source, and you choose to comply with one of the concentration-based compliance options for a control system outlet (presented as option numbers 2, 4, and 6 in Table 1B to this subpart), you must have a capture device that either meets the definition of wood products enclosure in § 63.2292 or achieves a capture efficiency of greater than or equal to 95 percent.

(c) [Reserved]

(d) Additional compliance requirements. After July 6, 2026, you must comply with the compliance options in tables 1C through 1E to this subpart and associated operating limits in table 2 to this subpart as specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) Process units at an affected source that commenced construction or reconstruction on or before May 18, 2023, must comply with the compliance options in table 1C to this subpart on and after July 6, 2029.

(2) Process units at an affected source that commenced construction or reconstruction after May 18, 2023, must comply with the compliance options in table 1C to this subpart beginning on July 6, 2026, or upon initial startup, whichever is later.

(3) Direct-wood fired PCWP dryers at an affected source that commenced construction or reconstruction on or before May 18, 2023, must comply with the compliance options in table 1D to this subpart on and after July 6, 2029. In addition to the limits in table 1D to this subpart, direct wood-fired green rotary dryers that commenced construction or reconstruction on or before May 18, 2023, must limit emissions of dioxins and furans toxic equivalency (TEQ) to no more than 1.3E-09 pounds per oven dried ton (lb/ODT) or 1.7E-01 nanogram per dry standards cubic meter (ng/dscm) on and after July 6, 2029.

(4) Direct-wood fired PCWP dryers at an affected source that commenced construction or reconstruction after May 18, 2023, must comply with the compliance options in table 1E to this subpart beginning on July 6, 2026, or upon initial startup, whichever is later. In addition to the limits in table 1E to this subpart, direct wood-fired green rotary dryers that commenced construction or reconstruction after May 18, 2023, must limit emissions of dioxins and furans TEQ to no more than 4.4E-10 lb/ODT or 3.7E-02 ng/dscm on and after July 6, 2029.

(5) Mixed PCWP process streams (defined in § 63.2292) complying with the compliance options for add-on control systems in table 1B to this subpart according to paragraph (b) of this section before July 6, 2026, must continue to comply with the compliance options in table 1B to this subpart after July 6, 2026.

(6) Affected facilities may choose to comply with the add-on control system compliance options in table 1B to this subpart (and associated operating limits in table 2 to this subpart) instead of the compliance options in table 1C to this subpart for fiberboard mat dryer heated zones, press predryers, post-dryer atmospheric refiners, or multipurpose atmospheric refiners.

(e) Process unit bypass stack operating requirement. After July 6, 2026, you must comply with the operating requirement in table 2 to this subpart for process unit bypass stacks (defined in § 63.2292) by the compliance dates specified in § 63.2233(e).

(a) You must meet each work practice requirement in Table 3 to this subpart that applies to you.

(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), we, the EPA, may choose to grant you permission to use an alternative to the work practice requirements in this section.

(c) If you have a dry rotary dryer, you may choose to designate your dry rotary dryer as a green rotary dryer and meet the more stringent compliance options and operating requirements in § 63.2240 for green rotary dryers instead of the work practices for dry rotary dryers. If you have a hardwood veneer dryer or veneer redryer, you may choose to designate your hardwood veneer dryer or veneer redryer as a softwood veneer dryer and meet the more stringent compliance options and operating requirements in § 63.2240 for softwood veneer dryer heated zones instead of the work practices for hardwood veneer dryers or veneer redryers.

(d) The following combustion unit tune-up and bypass stack monitoring requirements must be conducted for all direct-fired dryers (including direct wood-fired PCWP dryers, direct natural gas-fired PCWP dryers, and direct-fired lumber kilns) by the dates specified in § 63.2233(e) and table 3 to this subpart. You must conduct an annual tune-up of each combustion unit used to directly-fire the PCWP dryer or lumber kiln following the procedures in § 63.2271(c) as specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section. You must monitor usage of combustion unit bypass stacks (defined in § 63.2292) following the procedures specified in § 63.2269(k) by the compliance date specified in § 63.2233(e).

(1) The initial tune-up must be completed by the compliance date specified in § 63.2233(e). After the initial tune-up, each annual tune-up is required to be completed no more than 13 months after the previous tune-up.

(2) If a combustion unit that direct-fires a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln is not operating on the required date for a tune-up, the tune-up must be conducted within 30 calendar days of startup of the combustion unit for the purpose of direct-firing a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln.

(3) For combustion units with tune-up requirements in this subpart, you may use documentation (required in § 63.7550(c)(1)) of the tune-up conducted according to §§ 63.7515(d) and 63.7540(a)(10), in place of the annual combustion unit tune-up requirements in this paragraph (d) and § 63.2271(c), provided the documentation required in § 63.7550(c)(1) is provided according to the schedule in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section.

(e) For each lumber kiln, you must minimize lumber over-drying to reduce HAP emissions by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this section by the dates specified in § 63.2233(e) and table 3 to this subpart.

(1) Lumber kiln operation and maintenance (O&M). Develop and maintain onsite an O&M plan for the lumber kilns at the facility. The O&M plan must include the kiln maintenance, charge optimization, inspection, and corrective action elements specified in § 63.2253(a).

(2) Lumber kiln burner tune-up. For direct-fired lumber kilns, conduct annual burner tune-ups according to paragraph (d) of this section and § 63.2271(c).

(3) Lumber kiln work practice. Minimize lumber over-drying by operating according to one of the work practice options in paragraph (e)(3)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section.

(i) Temperature limit option. Operate the lumber kiln with a maximum dry bulb temperature limit of no more than 210 °F for batch indirect fired (IF) kilns, 235 °F for batch direct-fired (DF) kilns, 245 °F for continuous IF kilns, or 245 °F for continuous DF kilns. You must continuously monitor and record the dry bulb temperature during the kiln drying cycle according to § 63.2269(m) and maintain the batch cycle average dry bulb temperature (for batch kilns) or daily block average dry bulb temperature (for continuous kilns) below the maximum limit specified in this paragraph (e)(3)(i) according to § 63.2270(h)(1).

(ii) Hybrid option. Operate the lumber kiln according to paragraphs (e)(3)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section.

(A) Operate the lumber kiln with a maximum dry bulb temperature limit of no more than 240 °F for batch indirect fired (IF) kilns, 250 °F for batch direct-fired (DF) kilns, 260 °F for continuous IF kilns, or 260 °F for continuous DF kilns. You must continuously monitor and record the dry bulb temperature during the kiln drying cycle according to § 63.2269(m) and maintain the batch cycle average dry bulb temperature (for batch kilns) or daily block average dry bulb temperature (for continuous kilns) below the maximum limit specified in this paragraph (e)(3)(ii)(A) according to § 63.2270(h)(1).

(B) Operate the kiln to dry to a semiannual average lumber moisture content (weight percent, dry basis) at or above the minimum limit of moisture content considered to be over-dried lumber as specified in paragraph (e)(4) of this section and table 11 of this subpart. Lumber moisture must be monitored and recorded according to § 63.2269(n). The semiannual average must be determined according to § 63.2270(i).

(iii) Site-specific plan option. Develop and operate according to a site-specific plan to minimize lumber over-drying through temperature and lumber moisture monitoring as required in paragraphs (e)(3)(iii)(A) and (B) of this section. The site-specific plan must be submitted to the delegated authority for approval and the site-specific limits from the plan must be incorporated into the facility's operating permit as specified in § 63.2253(b).

(A) The site-specific plan must identify one temperature parameter (such as wet or dry bulb temperature, wet bulb depression, or temperature drop across the load) to be continuously monitored during the kiln drying cycle; include a description of how the temperature parameter is measured and used to minimize over-drying of lumber; and include a site-specific limit for the temperature parameter that minimizes over-drying. You must continuously monitor and record the temperature parameter according to § 63.2269(m) and calculate the 3-hour block average for comparison to the site-specific temperature limit according to § 63.2270(h)(2).

(B) The site-specific plan must include a method for monitoring lumber moisture content (weight percent, dry basis); specify the location of such monitoring within the lumber manufacturing process (for example, at the kiln unloading track, in lumber storage, or at the planer); specify the minimum kiln-dried lumber moisture content limit based on the lumber moisture specifications produced at the facility based on paragraph (e)(4) of this section and table 11 of subpart DDDD; and adhere to the minimum data and lumber moisture content averaging requirements in §§ 63.2269(o) and 63.2270(j).

(4) Over-dried lumber. As used in this subpart, the “maximum lumber moisture specification” means the upper limit of lumber moisture content (weight percent on a dry basis) that meets the relevant lumber grade standard for a lumber product. For each maximum lumber moisture specification, table 11 to this subpart provides the corresponding minimum kiln-dried lumber moisture content limits below which lumber is considered to be over-dried for purposes of this subpart.

(f) By the dates specified in § 63.2233(e) and table 3 to this subpart, you must operate each log vat using a site-specific target log temperature that does not exceed 212 °F measured in the water used to soak the logs or in the wood as it is cut from the log.

(g) By the dates specified in § 63.2233(e) and table 3 to this subpart, you must meet the work practice standards in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section for resinated material handling process units, including resin tanks, softwood and hardwood plywood presses, engineered wood product presses and curing chambers, blenders, formers, finishing saws, finishing sanders, panel trim chippers, and reconstituted wood products board coolers (at existing affected sources), hardboard humidifiers, and onsite wastewater treatment operations specifically associated with PCWP manufacturing.

(1) You must meet one of the resin-related requirements in paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Use only a non-HAP resin as defined in § 63.2292; or

(ii) Use only a resin with maximum true vapor pressure (defined in § 63.2292) of less than or equal to 13.1 kPa (1.9 psia) if the resin is stored in resin tanks with capacity of less than 40,000 gallons, or use only a resin with maximum true vapor pressure (defined in § 63.2292) of less than 5.2 kPa (0.75 psia) if the resin is stored in one or more resin tanks with capacity of 40,000 gallons or more; or

(iii) Use a combination of resins meeting either paragraph (g)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section.

(2) Process wood material that was purchased pre-dried to a moisture content of no more than 30 percent (weight percent, dry basis), or has been dried in a dryer located at the PCWP facility. This paragraph (g)(2) does not apply for wet formers and onsite wastewater treatment operations specifically associated with PCWP manufacturing.

(a)-(c) [Reserved]

(d) Shutoff of direct-fired burners resulting from partial and full production stoppages of direct-fired softwood veneer dryers or over-temperature events shall be deemed shutdowns and not malfunctions. Lighting or re-lighting any one or all gas burners in direct-fired softwood veneer dryers shall be deemed startups and not malfunctions.

(e) You must be in compliance with the provisions of subpart A of this part, except as noted in Table 10 to this subpart.

(f) You must be in compliance with the compliance options, operating requirements, and the work practice requirements in this subpart when the process unit(s) subject to the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements are operating, except as specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (7) of this section.

(1) Prior to process unit initial startup.

(2) During safety-related shutdowns conducted according to the work practice requirement in Table 3 to this subpart.

(3) During pressurized refiner startup and shutdown according to the work practice requirement in Table 3 to this subpart.

(4) During startup and shutdown of direct-fired softwood veneer dryer gas-fired burners according to the work practice requirement in Table 3 to this subpart.

(5) You must minimize the length of time when compliance options and operating requirements in this subpart are not met due to the conditions in paragraphs (f)(2) and (4) of this section.

(6) The applicable standard during each of the operating conditions specified in paragraphs (f)(2) through (4) of this section are the work practice requirements in table 3 to this subpart for safety-related shutdowns (row 6), pressurized refiner startup and shutdown (row 7), and direct-fired softwood veneer dryers undergoing startup or shutdown of gas-fired burners (row 8). The otherwise applicable compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements (in rows 1 through 5 of table 3 to this subpart) do not apply during the operating conditions specified in paragraphs (f)(2) through (4) of this section, with the exception of the operating requirement in § 63.2240(e) which applies at all times.

(7) When using a wet scrubber, electrified filter bed, or mechanical collector (or other dry control device not mentioned elsewhere in table 2 to this subpart), you are not required to meet the minimum limit for pressure drop across the control device during startup or shutdown. Parameter limits other than pressure drop continue to apply during startup and shutdown.

(g) You must always operate and maintain your affected source, including air pollution control and monitoring equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions at least to the levels required by this subpart. The general duty to minimize emissions does not require you to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels required by the applicable standard have been achieved. Determination of whether a source is operating in compliance with operation and maintenance requirements will be based on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

(a) You may request a routine control device maintenance exemption from the EPA Administrator for routine maintenance events such as control device bakeouts, washouts, media replacement, and replacement of corroded parts. Your request must justify the need for the routine maintenance on the control device and the time required to accomplish the maintenance activities, describe the maintenance activities and the frequency of the maintenance activities, explain why the maintenance cannot be accomplished during process shutdowns, describe how you plan to make reasonable efforts to minimize emissions during the maintenance, and provide any other documentation required by the EPA Administrator.

(b) The routine control device maintenance exemption must not exceed the percentages of process unit operating uptime in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) If the control device is used to control a green rotary dryer, tube dryer, rotary strand dryer, or pressurized refiner, then the routine control device maintenance exemption must not exceed 3 percent of annual operating uptime for each process unit controlled.

(2) If the control device is used to control a softwood veneer dryer, reconstituted wood product press, reconstituted wood product board cooler, hardboard oven, press predryer, conveyor strand dryer, or fiberboard mat dryer, then the routine control device maintenance exemption must not exceed 0.5 percent of annual operating uptime for each process unit controlled.

(3) If the control device is used to control a combination of equipment listed in both paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, such as a tube dryer and a reconstituted wood product press, then the routine control device maintenance exemption must not exceed 3 percent of annual operating uptime for each process unit controlled.

(c) The request for the routine control device maintenance exemption, if approved by the EPA Administrator, must be IBR in and attached to the affected source's title V permit.

(d) The compliance options and operating requirements do not apply during times when control device maintenance covered under your approved routine control device maintenance exemption is performed. You must minimize emissions to the greatest extent possible during these routine control device maintenance periods.

(e) To the extent practical, startup and shutdown of emission control systems must be scheduled during times when process equipment is also shut down.

(a) Lumber kiln O&M plan. The lumber kiln O&M plan must include the elements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section and be maintained according to paragraph (a)(4) of this section.

(1) Procedures for maintaining the integrity of lumber kiln internal air flow and heat distribution components (such as, baffles, fans, vents, heating coils, or temperature sensors) to provide as uniform a temperature and air flow as reasonably possible.

(2) Charge optimization practices to reduce over drying.

(3) At least annually, you must inspect lumber kiln integrity and review the charge optimization practices used. You must implement corrective actions as needed and maintain records of the inspections and corrective actions taken.

(i) The initial inspection of kiln integrity must be completed by the compliance date specified in § 63.2233(e). After the initial inspection, each annual inspection is required to be completed no more than 13 months after the previous inspection.

(ii) Corrective actions must be initiated within 30 days after the inspection and completed within 180 days following the inspection identifying the need for the corrective action. If the corrective action cannot be completed within 180 days, a written request for an extension may be submitted to the delegated authority, who may grant an extension if they determine additional time is necessary.

(4) After the compliance date in § 63.2233(e), any updates made to the O&M plan maintained onsite must be described in the semiannual compliance report. Delegated authorities may require modification of the O&M plan, as needed, upon review.

(b) Lumber kiln site-specific plan approval. If you choose to comply with the work practice option in § 63.2241(e)(3)(iii) using a site-specific plan for temperature and lumber moisture monitoring, the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section apply.

(1) The site-specific plan must be developed and submitted to the delegated authority by January 6, 2028.

(2) The written site-specific plan must be maintained onsite at the facility and is enforceable upon the compliance date specified in § 63.2233.

(3) After the compliance date, you must report deviations from the site-specific plan according to § 63.2281.

(4) Once the site-specific plan is approved by the delegated authority, the site-specific limits from the plan must be incorporated into the facility's title V permit when the title V permit is next reopened for cause or renewed, as applicable.

(5) After the compliance date in § 63.2233(e), any updates made to the site-specific plan must be approved by the delegated authority, and any updates to the site-specific limits from the plan must be incorporated into the facility's title V permit when the title V permit is next reopened for cause or renewed, as applicable.

(a) To demonstrate initial compliance with the compliance options and operating requirements, you must conduct performance tests and establish each site-specific operating requirement in table 2 to this subpart according to the requirements in § 63.2262 and table 4 to this subpart. Combustion units that accept process exhausts into the flame zone are exempt from the performance testing to show compliance with the compliance options in table 1B or 1C to this subpart and the operating requirements for thermal oxidizers.

(b) You must demonstrate initial compliance with each compliance option, operating requirement, and work practice requirement that applies to you according to Tables 5 and 6 to this subpart and according to §§ 63.2260 through 63.2269 of this subpart.

(c) You must submit the Notification of Compliance Status containing the results of the initial compliance demonstration according to the requirements in § 63.2280(d).

(a) You must conduct performance tests upon initial startup or no later than 180 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.2233 and according to § 63.7(a)(2), whichever is later.

(b) You must conduct initial compliance demonstrations that do not require performance tests upon initial startup or no later than 30 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.2233, whichever is later.

(a) Testing procedures. You must conduct each performance test according to the requirements in paragraphs (b) through (o) of this section and according to the methods specified in table 4 to this subpart.

(b) Periods when performance tests must be conducted. You must conduct each performance test based on representative performance (i.e., performance based on representative operating conditions as defined in § 63.2292) of the affected source for the period being tested. Representative conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown. You may not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. You must describe representative operating conditions in your performance test report for the process and control systems and explain why they are representative. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions are representative. Upon request, you shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.

(c) Number and duration of test runs. You must conduct three separate test runs for each performance test required in this section as specified in § 63.7(e)(3). Each test run must last at least 1 hour except as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) Testing of a temporary total enclosure (TTE) conducted using EPA Methods 204A through 204F of appendix M of part 51 of this chapter, which require three separate test runs of at least 3 hours each; and testing of an enclosure conducted using the alternative tracer gas method in appendix A to this subpart, which requires a minimum of three separate runs of at least 20 minutes each.

(2) Test runs longer than 1 hour may be required to meet minimum sample volume requirements specified in table 4 to this subpart.

(d) Location of sampling sites. (1) Sampling sites must be located at the inlet (if emission reduction testing or documentation of inlet methanol or formaldehyde concentration is required) and outlet of the control device (defined in § 63.2292) and prior to any releases to the atmosphere. For control sequences with wet control devices (defined in § 63.2292) followed by control devices (defined in § 63.2292), sampling sites may be located at the inlet and outlet of the control sequence and prior to any releases to the atmosphere.

(2) Sampling sites for process units meeting compliance options without a control device must be located prior to any releases to the atmosphere. Facilities demonstrating compliance with a production-based compliance option for a process unit equipped with a wet control device must locate sampling sites prior to the wet control device.

(3) Sampling sites must be located at the outlet of the control device (defined in § 63.2292), if a control device is used, and prior to any releases to the atmosphere to demonstrate compliance with the compliance options in table 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart and for compliance with the dioxin and furan limits in § 63.2240(d)(2) and (3).

(e) Collection of monitoring data. You must collect operating parameter monitoring system or continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) data at least every 15 minutes during the entire performance test and determine the parameter or concentration value for the operating requirement during the performance test using the methods specified in paragraphs (k) through (o) of this section.

(f) Collection of production data. To comply with any of the production-based compliance options in table 1A to this subpart, or compliance options in terms of mass per unit production in table 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart, you must measure and record the process unit throughput during each performance test.

(g) Nondetect data. (1) Except as specified in paragraphs (g)(2) and (3) of this section, all nondetect data (defined in § 63.2292) must be treated as one-half of the method detection limit when determining total HAP, formaldehyde, methanol, or total hydrocarbon (THC) emission rates.

(2) When showing compliance with the production-based compliance options in table 1A to this subpart, you may treat emissions of an individual HAP as zero if all three of the performance test runs result in a nondetect measurement, and the method detection limit is less than or equal to 1 parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppmvd). Otherwise, nondetect data for individual HAP must be treated as one-half of the method detection limit.

(3) Nondetect data must be treated as the method detection limit when showing compliance with § 63.2240(d)(3) or (4) and the compliance options in table 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart. When determining 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity equivalency (TEQ), the value of zero may be used for nondetect results.

(h) Calculation of percent reduction across a control system. When determining the control system efficiency for any control system when complying with any of the compliance options based on percent reduction across a control system in table 1B to this subpart, as part of the performance test, you must calculate the percent reduction using the following equation:

(i) Calculation of mass per unit production. To comply with any of the production-based compliance options in table 1A to this subpart, or compliance options in terms of mass per unit production in table 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart, you must calculate your mass per unit production emissions for each performance test run using the following equation:

(j) Thickness basis conversion. Use the following equation to convert from one thickness basis to another:

(k) Establishing thermal oxidizer operating requirements. If you operate a thermal oxidizer, you must establish your thermal oxidizer operating parameters according to paragraphs (k)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) During the performance test to meet a compliance option in table 1B or 1C to this subpart (or a PAH limit in table 1D or 1E to this subpart), you must continuously monitor the firebox temperature during each of the required 1-hour test runs. For regenerative thermal oxidizers, you may measure the temperature in multiple locations (e.g., one location per burner) in the combustion chamber and calculate the average of the temperature measurements prior to reducing the temperature data to 15-minute averages for purposes of establishing your minimum firebox temperature. The minimum firebox temperature must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute firebox temperatures monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable standards. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(2) You may establish a different minimum firebox temperature for your thermal oxidizer by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable compliance options of this subpart.

(3) If your thermal oxidizer is a combustion unit that accepts process exhaust into the flame zone, then you are exempt from the performance testing and monitoring requirements specified in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of this section. To demonstrate initial compliance, you must submit documentation with your Notification of Compliance Status showing that process exhausts controlled by the combustion unit enter into the flame zone.

(l) Establishing catalytic oxidizer operating requirements. If you operate a catalytic oxidizer, you must establish your catalytic oxidizer operating parameters according to paragraphs (l)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) During the performance test to meet a compliance option in table 1B or 1C to this subpart (or a PAH limit in table 1D or 1E to this subpart), you must continuously monitor during the required 1-hour test runs either the temperature at the inlet to each catalyst bed or the temperature in the combustion chamber. For regenerative catalytic oxidizers, you must calculate the average of the temperature measurements from each catalyst bed inlet or within the combustion chamber prior to reducing the temperature data to 15-minute averages for purposes of establishing your minimum catalytic oxidizer temperature. The minimum catalytic oxidizer temperature must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute temperatures monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable standards. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(2) You may establish a different minimum catalytic oxidizer temperature by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in this paragraph (l) that demonstrates compliance with the applicable compliance options of this subpart.

(m) Establishing biofilter operating requirements. If you operate a biofilter, you must establish your biofilter operating requirements according to paragraphs (m)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) During the performance test to meet a compliance option in tables 1B through 1E to this subpart, you must continuously monitor the biofilter bed temperature during each of the required 1-hour test runs. To monitor biofilter bed temperature, you may use multiple thermocouples in representative locations throughout the biofilter bed and calculate the average biofilter bed temperature across these thermocouples prior to reducing the temperature data to 15-minute averages for purposes of establishing biofilter bed temperature limits. The biofilter bed temperature range must be established as the temperature values 10 percent below the minimum and 10 percent (not to exceed 8 °F) above the maximum 15-minute biofilter bed temperatures monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable standards. You may base your biofilter bed temperature range on values recorded during previous performance tests provided that the data used to establish the temperature ranges have been obtained using the test methods required in this subpart. If you use data from previous performance tests, you must certify that the biofilter and associated process unit(s) have not been modified subsequent to the date of the performance tests. Replacement of the biofilter media with the same type of material is not considered a modification of the biofilter for purposes of this section.

(2) For a new biofilter installation, you will be allowed up to 180 days following the compliance date or 180 days following initial startup of the biofilter to complete the requirements in paragraph (m)(1) of this section.

(3) You may expand your biofilter bed temperature operating range by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable compliance options of this subpart.

(n) Establishing operating requirements for process units meeting compliance options without a control device. If you operate a process unit that meets a compliance option in table 1A, 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart without the use of a control device, you must establish your process unit operating parameters according to paragraphs (n)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) During the performance test, you must identify and document the process unit controlling parameter(s) that affect HAP emissions during the three-run performance test. The controlling parameters you identify must coincide with the representative operating conditions you describe according to paragraph (b) of this section. For each parameter, you must specify appropriate monitoring methods, monitoring frequencies, and for continuously monitored parameters, averaging times not to exceed 24 hours. The operating limit for each controlling parameter must then be established as the minimum, maximum, range, or average (as appropriate depending on the parameter) recorded during the performance test. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(2) You may establish different controlling parameter limits for your process unit by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (n)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the compliance options in table 1A, 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart for an uncontrolled process unit.

(o) Establishing operating requirements using THC CEMS. If you choose to meet the operating requirements by monitoring THC concentration instead of monitoring control device or process operating parameters, you must establish your THC concentration operating requirement according to paragraphs (o)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) During the performance test, you must continuously monitor THC concentration using your CEMS during each of the required 1-hour test runs. The maximum THC concentration must then be established as the average of the three maximum 15-minute THC concentrations monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable standards. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of THC concentration values under different operating conditions.

(2) You may establish a different maximum THC concentration by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (o)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the compliance options in tables 1A and 1B to this subpart.

(p) Establishing wet electrostatic precipitator operating requirements. If you use a wet electrostatic precipitator to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must establish your wet electrostatic precipitator operating requirements according to paragraphs (p)(1) through (3) of this section except as specified in paragraph (p)(4) of this section if you are using a COMS.

(1) During the PM or Hg performance test, you must continuously monitor the total secondary electric power during each of the required test runs. The minimum total secondary electric power must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute total secondary electric power values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart.

(2) During the PM, Hg, or HCl performance test, you must continuously monitor the liquid flow rate to the wet electrostatic precipitator during each of the required test runs. The minimum liquid flow rate must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute liquid flow rate values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart.

(3) You may establish a different minimum total secondary power or liquid flow rate limits for your wet electrostatic precipitator by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraphs (p)(1) and (2) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(4) For a WESP followed by a control device with a dry exhaust for which you choose to use a COMS instead of WESP parameter monitoring, you must follow the procedures in paragraph (t) of this section for establishing the opacity operating limit.

(q) Establishing dry electrostatic precipitator operating requirements. If you use a dry electrostatic precipitator to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must establish your dry electrostatic precipitator operating requirements according to paragraphs (q)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) During the PM or Hg performance test, you must continuously monitor the total secondary electric power during each of the required test runs. The minimum total secondary electric power must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute total secondary electric power values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the emission limits in this subpart.

(2) You may establish a different minimum total secondary power limits for your dry electrostatic precipitator by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (q)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(r) Establishing wet scrubber operating requirements. If you use a wet scrubber to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must establish your wet scrubber operating requirements according to paragraphs (r)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) During the performance test, you must continuously monitor the scrubber liquid flow rate during each of the required test runs. The minimum liquid flow rate must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute liquid flow rate values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the compliance options in table 1D or 1E to this subpart.

(2) For a wet PM scrubber, during the PM performance test, you must continuously monitor pressure drop across the scrubber during each of the required test runs. The minimum pressure drop must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute pressure drop values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the PM limit.

(3) For wet acid gas scrubber, during the HCl performance test, you must continuously monitor the scrubber effluent pH during each of the required test runs. The minimum effluent pH must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute pH values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the HCl limit.

(4) You may establish different minimum liquid flow rate, pressure drop, or pH values for your wet scrubber by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (3) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(s) Establishing electrified filter bed operating requirements. If you use an electrified filter bed to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must establish your electrified filter bed operating requirements according to paragraphs (s)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) During the PM or Hg performance test, you must continuously monitor the bed voltage and ionizer voltage during each of the required test runs. The minimum bed voltage limit and ionizer voltage limit must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute bed voltage values and ionizer voltage values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance.

(2) During the PM or Hg performance test, you must continuously monitor the pressure drop across the electrified filter bed during each of the required test runs. The pressure drop range limits must then be established as the average of the three minimum and three maximum 15-minute pressure drop values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart.

(3) You may establish different bed voltage and ionizer voltage limits or pressure drop range limits for your electrified filter bed by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (s)(1) and (2) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

(t) Establishing operating requirements using opacity measured with a COMS. If you use a mechanical collector (or other dry control device not listed elsewhere in table 2 to the subpart) or WESP followed by a control device with a dry exhaust (for which you choose to use a COMS) to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must establish your operating requirements according to paragraphs (t)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) During the PM performance test, you must continuously monitor opacity during each of the required test runs. The maximum opacity limit must then be established as either 10 percent opacity, or the highest hourly average computed from the 6-minute opacity values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the PM limit.

(2) You may establish different opacity limits by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (t)(1) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of opacity values under different operating conditions.

(u) Establishing operating requirements based on pressure drop with opacity observations. If you use a mechanical collector (or other dry control device not listed elsewhere in table 2 to this subpart) to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, and you choose to use a combination of pressure drop and opacity observations instead of a COMS to demonstrate continuous compliance, you must establish your operating requirements according to paragraphs (u)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) During the PM performance test, you must continuously monitor pressure drop across the mechanical collector (or other dry control device) during each of the required test runs. The minimum pressure drop limit must then be established as the average of the three minimum 15-minute pressure drop values monitored during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the PM limit.

(2) During the PM performance test, you must conduct opacity observations of the control device outlet emissions to the atmosphere using EPA Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. You must establish the maximum opacity operating limit as the average of the 6-minute opacity observations during the three test runs demonstrating compliance with the PM limit, or 10 percent opacity, whichever is greater.

(3) You may establish a different pressure drop limit or opacity observation limit by submitting the notification specified in § 63.2280(g) and conducting a repeat performance test as specified in paragraph (u)(1) or (2) of this section that demonstrates compliance with the applicable emission limits in this subpart. Multiple three-run performance tests may be conducted to establish a range of parameter values under different operating conditions.

If you operate a dry rotary dryer, you must demonstrate that your dryer processes furnish with an inlet moisture content of less than or equal to 30 percent (by weight, dry basis) and operates with a dryer inlet temperature of less than or equal to 600 °F. You must designate and clearly identify each dry rotary dryer. You must record the inlet furnish moisture content (dry basis) and inlet dryer operating temperature according to §§ 63.2269(a), (b), and (c) and 63.2270 for a minimum of 30 calendar days. You must submit the highest recorded 24-hour average inlet furnish moisture content and the highest recorded 24-hour average dryer inlet temperature with your Notification of Compliance Status. In addition, you must submit with the Notification of Compliance Status a signed statement by a responsible official that certifies with truth, accuracy, and completeness that the dry rotary dryer will dry furnish with a maximum inlet moisture content less than or equal to 30 percent (by weight, dry basis) and will operate with a maximum inlet temperature of less than or equal to 600 °F in the future.

If you operate a hardwood veneer dryer, you must record the annual volume percentage of softwood veneer species processed in the dryer as follows:

(a) Use Equation 1 of this section to calculate the annual volume percentage of softwood species dried:

(b) You must designate and clearly identify each hardwood veneer dryer. Submit with the Notification of Compliance Status the annual volume percentage of softwood species dried in the dryer based on your dryer production for the 12 months prior to the compliance date specified for your source in § 63.2233. If you did not dry any softwood species in the dryer during the 12 months prior to the compliance date, then you need only to submit a statement indicating that no softwood species were dried. In addition, submit with the Notification of Compliance Status a signed statement by a responsible official that certifies with truth, accuracy, and completeness that the veneer dryer will be used to process less than 30 volume percent softwood species in the future.

If you operate a softwood veneer dryer, you must develop a plan for review and approval for minimizing fugitive emissions from the veneer dryer heated zones, and you must submit the plan with your Notification of Compliance Status.

If you operate a veneer redryer, you must record the inlet moisture content of the veneer processed in the redryer according to §§ 63.2269(a) and (c) and 63.2270 for a minimum of 30 calendar days. You must designate and clearly identify each veneer redryer. You must submit the highest recorded 24-hour average inlet veneer moisture content with your Notification of Compliance Status to show that your veneer redryer processes veneer with an inlet moisture content of less than or equal to 25 percent (by weight, dry basis). In addition, submit with the Notification of Compliance Status a signed statement by a responsible official that certifies with truth, accuracy, and completeness that the veneer redryer will dry veneer with a moisture content less than 25 percent (by weight, dry basis) in the future.

If you operate a reconstituted wood product press at a new or existing affected source or a reconstituted wood product board cooler at a new affected source, then you must either use a wood products enclosure as defined in § 63.2292 or measure the capture efficiency of the capture device for the press or board cooler using Methods 204 and 204A through 204F of 40 CFR part 51, appendix M (as appropriate), or using the alternative tracer gas method contained in appendix A to this subpart. You must submit documentation that the wood products enclosure meets the press enclosure design criteria in § 63.2292 or the results of the capture efficiency verification with your Notification of Compliance Status.

If you use a wet control device as the sole means of reducing HAP emissions (including total HAP, methanol, or formaldehyde), you must develop and implement a plan for review and approval to address how organic HAP captured in the wastewater from the wet control device is contained or destroyed to minimize re-release to the atmosphere such that the desired emissions reductions are obtained. You must submit the plan with your Notification of Compliance Status.

(a) General continuous parameter monitoring requirements. You must install, operate, and maintain each continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) according to paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) The CPMS must be capable of completing a minimum of one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and recording) for each successive 15-minute period.

(2) At all times, you must maintain the monitoring equipment including, but not limited to, maintaining necessary parts for routine repairs of the monitoring equipment.

(3) Record the results of each inspection, calibration, and validation check.

(b) Temperature monitoring. For each temperature monitoring device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (b)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) Locate the temperature sensor in a position that provides a representative temperature.

(2) Use a temperature sensor with a minimum accuracy of 4 °F or 0.75 percent of the temperature value, whichever is larger.

(3) If a chart recorder is used, it must have a sensitivity with minor divisions not more than 20 °F.

(4) Validate the temperature sensor's reading at least semiannually using the requirements of paragraph (b)(4)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v) of this section:

(i) Compare measured readings to a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable temperature measurement device or simulate a typical operating temperature using a NIST traceable temperature simulation device. When the temperature measurement device method is used, the sensor of the NIST traceable calibrated device must be placed as close as practicable to the process sensor, and both devices must be subjected to the same environmental conditions. The accuracy of the temperature measured must be 2.5 percent of the temperature measured by the NIST traceable device or 5 °F, whichever is greater.

(ii) Follow applicable procedures in the thermocouple manufacturer owner's manual.

(iii) Request thermocouple manufacturer to certify or re-certify electromotive force (electrical properties) of the thermocouple.

(iv) Replace thermocouple with a new certified thermocouple in lieu of validation.

(v) Permanently install a redundant temperature sensor as close as practicable to the process temperature sensor. The sensors must yield a reading within 30 °F of each other for thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers; within 5 °F of each other for biofilters; and within 20 °F of each other for dry rotary dryers.

(5) Conduct validation checks using the procedures in paragraph (b)(4) of this section any time the sensor exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating temperature range or install a new temperature sensor.

(6) At least quarterly, inspect all components for integrity and all electrical connections for continuity, oxidation, and galvanic corrosion.

(c) Wood moisture monitoring. For each furnish or veneer moisture meter, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) and (c)(1) through (5) of this section. This paragraph (c) does not apply for lumber moisture monitoring (covered in paragraphs (n) and (o) of this section) to show compliance with the lumber kilns standards in § 63.2241(e).

(1) For dry rotary dryers, use a continuous moisture monitor with a minimum accuracy of 1 percent (dry basis) moisture or better in the 25 to 35 percent (dry basis) moisture content range. For veneer redryers, use a continuous moisture monitor with a minimum accuracy of 3 percent (dry basis) moisture or better in the 15 to 25 percent (dry basis) moisture content range. Alternatively, you may use a continuous moisture monitor with a minimum accuracy of 5 percent (dry basis) moisture or better for dry rotary dryers used to dry furnish with less than 25 percent (dry basis) moisture or for veneer redryers used to redry veneer with less than 20 percent (dry basis) moisture.

(2) Locate the moisture monitor in a position that provides a representative measure of furnish or veneer moisture.

(3) Calibrate the moisture monitor based on the procedures specified by the moisture monitor manufacturer at least once per semiannual compliance period (or more frequently if recommended by the moisture monitor manufacturer).

(4) At least quarterly, inspect all components of the moisture monitor for integrity and all electrical connections for continuity.

(5) Use Equation 1 of this section to convert percent moisture measurements wet basis to a dry basis:

(d) Continuous emission monitoring system(s). Each CEMS must be installed, operated, and maintained according to paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) Each CEMS for monitoring THC concentration must be installed, operated, and maintained according to Performance Specification 8 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. You must also comply with Procedure 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix F.

(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CEMS according to the requirements in § 63.8 and according to Performance Specification 8 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.

(3) As specified in § 63.8(c)(4)(ii), each CEMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and data recording) for each successive 15-minute period.

(4) The CEMS data must be reduced as specified in §§ 63.8(g)(2) and 63.2270(d) and (e).

(e) Continuous opacity monitoring systems (COMS). You must install, operate, certify and maintain each COMS according to the procedures in paragraphs (e)(1) through (7) of this section by the compliance date specified in § 63.2233.

(1) Each COMS must be installed, operated, and maintained according to Performance Specification 1 at appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.

(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(e) and according to Performance Specification 1 at appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.

(3) As specified in § 63.8(c)(4)(i), each COMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period.

(4) The COMS data must be reduced as specified in §§ 63.8(g)(2) and 63.2270(e).

(5) You must document procedures and acceptance criteria for operating and maintaining each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(d). At a minimum, the documentation must include a daily calibration drift assessment, a quarterly performance audit, and an annual zero alignment audit of each COMS.

(6) You must operate and maintain each COMS according to the requirements of § 63.8(e). You must identify periods the COMS is out of control including any periods that the COMS fails to pass a daily calibration drift assessment, a quarterly performance audit, or an annual zero alignment audit. Any 6-minute period for which the monitoring system is out of control and data are not available for a required calculation constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.

(7) You must determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 24-hour block averages as applicable) collected for periods during which the COMS is not out of control.

(f) Pressure monitoring. If you have an operating requirement that requires the use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (f)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop).

(2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion consistent with good engineering practices.

(3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichever is less.

(4) Perform checks at least once each process operating day to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap pluggage daily).

(5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet the performance requirements. Alternatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor.

(g) pH monitoring. If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (g)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH.

(2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured.

(3) Calibrate the pH monitoring system according to the manufacturer's instructions. Clean the pH probe at least once each process operating day. Maintain on-site documentation that your calibration frequency is sufficient to maintain the specified accuracy of your device.

(4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a two-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the pH monitoring system at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(h) Liquid flow rate monitoring. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (h)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) Locate the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow.

(2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity of 2 percent of the flow rate.

(3) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.

(4) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least annually.

(i) Secondary electric power input monitoring. If you have an operating requirement that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (i)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates.

(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electric power monitoring at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(j) Electrified filter bed voltage monitoring. If you have an operating requirement that requires a voltage monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (j)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) Install sensors to measure voltage to the electrified filter bed.

(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the voltage monitoring at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(k) Combustion unit bypass stack monitoring. If you have a bypass stack in which combustion unit exhaust streams routinely used to direct-fire a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln are temporarily vented to the atmosphere without passing through the direct-fired PCWP dryer or lumber kiln, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (k)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) Install a sensor to continuously monitor an indicator of bypass stack usage such as flow damper position or temperature.

(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bypass stack monitor at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(l) Process unit bypass stack monitoring. If you have a bypass stack that allows a process unit exhaust stream to temporarily vent to the atmosphere while bypassing a control device routinely used to meet the compliance options in table 1B, 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a) and (l)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) Install a sensor to continuously monitor an indicator of bypass stack usage such as flow damper position or temperature.

(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bypass stack monitor at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.

(m) Lumber kiln temperature monitoring. Temperature monitors used in lumber kilns must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a), (b), and (m)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) For purposes of complying with dry bulb temperature limits in § 63.2241(e)(3)(i) or (ii), dry bulb temperature monitor(s) must be located in a position to determine the dry bulb temperature of the heated air that exits the lumber.

(2) Facilities complying with the site-specific plan in § 63.2241(e)(3)(iii) must describe the number and location of temperature monitors in the site-specific plan.

(n) Lumber moisture monitoring under hybrid option. The requirements in paragraphs (a), (b), and (n)(1) and (2) of this section apply for lumber kilns using the hybrid temperature and lumber moisture monitoring work practice option in § 63.2241(e)(3)(ii). The lumber moisture content (weight percent, dry basis) must be monitored either within the kiln or at a location after the lumber exits the kiln.

(1) For lumber moisture content measured after the lumber exits the kiln, you must obtain at least one lumber moisture content measurement per either twenty thousand board feet (20 MBF or 20,000 BF) of board lumber produced or per 2,000 cubic feet (2,000 CF) of round lumber produced.

(2) For lumber moisture content measured in the kiln, lumber moisture measurements must be obtained as follows for each kiln type:

(i) For batch kilns with in-kiln moisture monitoring, lumber moisture measurements must be distributed in different areas of the kiln. At least one lumber moisture reading per crib must be obtained.

(ii) For continuous kilns with in-kiln moisture monitoring, lumber moisture measurements must be obtained for each crib of lumber dried.

(o) Lumber moisture monitoring under site-specific plan. The requirements in paragraphs (a) and (o)(1) and (2) of this section apply for lumber facilities monitoring lumber moisture under the site-specific plan work practice option § 63.2241(e)(3)(iii).

(1) The site-specific plan must include a method for monitoring lumber moisture content (weight percent, dry basis) and specify the location of such monitoring within the lumber manufacturing process (for example, at the kiln unloading track, in lumber storage, or at the planer).

(2) You must obtain at least one lumber moisture content measurement per twenty thousand board feet (20 MBF or 20,000 BF) of board lumber produced or per 2,000 cubic feet (2,000 CF) of round lumber produced.

(a) You must monitor and collect data according to this section.

(b) Except for, as appropriate, monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), you must conduct all monitoring in continuous operation at all times that the process unit is operating. For purposes of calculating data averages, you must not use data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, out-of-control periods, or required quality assurance or control activities. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing compliance. A monitoring malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring to provide valid data. Monitoring failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. Any period for which the monitoring system is out-of-control and data are not available for required calculations constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.

(c) You may not use data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or control activities or data recorded during periods of safety-related shutdown, pressurized refiner startup or shutdown, startup and shutdown of direct-fired softwood veneer dryer gas-fired burners, or control device downtime covered in any approved routine control device maintenance exemption in data averages and calculations used to report emission or operating levels, nor may such data be used in fulfilling a minimum data availability requirement, if applicable. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing the operation of the control system.

(d) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, determine the 3-hour block average of all recorded readings, calculated after every 3 hours of operation as the average of the evenly spaced recorded readings in the previous 3 operating hours (excluding periods described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section).

(e) For dry rotary dryer and veneer predryer wood moisture monitoring, dry rotary dryer temperature monitoring, biofilter bed temperature monitoring, biofilter outlet THC monitoring, and continuous opacity monitoring, determine the 24-hour block average of all recorded readings, calculated after every 24 hours of operation as the average of the evenly spaced recorded readings in the previous 24 operating hours (excluding periods described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section).

(f) To calculate the data averages for each 3-hour or 24-hour averaging period, you must have at least 75 percent of the required recorded readings for that period using only recorded readings that are based on valid data (i.e., not from periods described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section).

(g) The requirements in paragraphs (c) through (f) of this section do not apply for monitoring the usage of process unit bypass stacks or combustion unit bypass stacks as such monitoring must be conducted continuously at all times that the process unit or combustion unit (that routinely direct-fires a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln) is operating. You must record the dates and times when each bypass stack is used and use the recording readings (excluding invalid data described in paragraph (b) of this section) to calculate and report the total duration of bypass stack usage during the semiannual reporting period.

(h) For lumber kilns, the following temperature data averaging requirements apply:

(1) Temperature limit and hybrid options. You must continuously monitor and record the dry bulb temperature during the kiln drying cycle and record the dry bulb temperature at least once every 15 minutes as specified in § 63.2269(m). The readings from multiple dry bulb temperature monitors positioned to determine the temperature of the heated air that exits the lumber may be averaged together to determine the kiln-wide, dry bulb temperature.

(i) For batch kilns, calculate the average from the recorded readings during each batch cycle, and maintain the batch cycle average dry bulb temperature at or below the maximum temperature limits specified in either § 63.2241(e)(3)(i) or (ii), whichever applies.

(ii) For continuous dry kilns, calculate the daily block average from the recorded readings and maintain the daily block average dry bulb temperature at or below the maximum temperature limits specified in either § 63.2241(e)(3)(i) or (ii), whichever applies.

(2) Site specific plan option. You must continuously monitor the temperature parameter (such as wet or dry bulb temperature, wet bulb depression, or temperature drop across the load) specified in your site-specific plan. You must record the temperature parameter at least every 15 minutes and calculate the 3-hour block average for comparison to the site-specific temperature limit.

(i) For lumber kilns using the hybrid option, the following lumber moisture data averaging requirements must be followed:

(1) Using the lumber moisture content measurement data collected according to § 63.2269(n), calculate and record the semiannual average kiln-dried lumber moisture content for lumber with a given moisture specification produced at the facility.

(2) Compare the semiannual average lumber moisture content for each moisture specification produced at the facility to the applicable minimum kiln-dried moisture content limits included in table 11 to this subpart to determine compliance.

(j) For lumber kilns using the site-specific option, the following lumber moisture data averaging requirements must be followed:

(1) Using the lumber moisture content measurement data collected, calculate and record the monthly and semiannual average kiln-dried lumber moisture content.

(2) Compare the monthly average lumber moisture content to the minimum kiln-dried lumber moisture content limit included in the site-specific plan based on § 63.2241(e)(4) and table 11 to this subpart. You must take corrective action if the monthly average lumber moisture content determined in paragraph (j)(1) of this section is below the minimum lumber moisture content limit in the site-specific plan. You must maintain records of corrective actions taken and report corrective actions in the semiannual report.

(3) Compare the semiannual average kiln-dried lumber moisture content to the minimum lumber moisture content limit included in the site-specific plan based on § 63.2241(e)(4) of this section and table 11 to this subpart to determine compliance.

(k) If you observe opacity using EPA Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter (in conjunction with pressure drop monitoring) instead of using a COMS for mechanical collectors (or other dry control device not listed elsewhere in table 2 to this subpart) to meet a compliance option in table 1D or 1E to this subpart, you must follow the procedure for demonstrating continuous compliance with the opacity observation limit in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of this section.

(1) A qualified observer must conduct two weekly 6-minute opacity observations of the mechanical collector (or other dry control device) exhaust to the atmosphere according to EPA Method 9 of appendix A-4 in part 60 of this chapter and 40 CFR 60.11 to demonstrate the opacity remains below the maximum limit established according to § 63.2262(u).

(2) If the average of the two weekly 6-minute opacity observations exceeds the maximum opacity limit established in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, you must take appropriate corrective action to correct the above normal emissions as soon as practicable and within the monitoring period and record the action taken.

(a) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements in §§ 63.2240 and 63.2241 that apply to you according to the methods specified in Tables 7 and 8 to this subpart.

(b) You must report each instance in which you did not meet each compliance option, operating requirement, and work practice requirement in Tables 7 and 8 to this subpart that applies to you. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction and periods of control device maintenance specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section. These instances are deviations from the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements in this subpart. These deviations must be reported according to the requirements in § 63.2281.

(1)-(2) [Reserved]

(3) Deviations that occur during periods of control device maintenance covered by any approved routine control device maintenance exemption are not violations if you demonstrate to the EPA Administrator's satisfaction that you were operating in accordance with the approved routine control device maintenance exemption.

(4) Instances of safety-related shutdown, pressurized refiner startup and shutdown, and startup and shutdown of direct-fired softwood veneer dryer gas-fired burners subject to the work practice requirements in table 3 to this subpart (rows 6 through 8) must be reported as required in § 63.2281(c)(4). Instances when the work practice requirements in table 3 to this subpart (rows 6 through 8) are used are not considered to be deviations from (or violations of) the otherwise applicable compliance options, operating requirements and work practice requirements (in rows 1 through 5 of table 3 to this subpart) as long as you do not exceed the minimum amount of time necessary for these events and continuously monitor process unit bypass stack usage during the events as required in § 63.2240(e) and table 2 to this subpart.

(c) For direct-fired PCWP dryers (including direct wood-fired PCWP dryers and direct natural gas-fired PCWP dryers) and direct-fired lumber kilns, demonstrate compliance with the annual tune-up requirement in § 63.2241(d) and table 3 to this subpart as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section.

(1) You must conduct the tune-up while burning the type of fuel (or fuels in case of units that routinely burn a mixture) that provided the majority of the heat input to PCWP dryer or lumber kiln over the 12 months prior to the tune-up.

(2) Inspect the burner and (if applicable) grates. Clean, repair, or replace any components of the burner and grates as necessary. This work must be initiated within 30 days after the inspection and completed within 180 days following the inspection identifying the need for the corrective action. If the corrective action cannot be completed within 180 days, a written request for an extension may be submitted to the delegated authority, who may grant an extension if they determine additional time is necessary.

(3) For direct-fired PCWP dryers with burners in the dryer or separate combustion unit(s), inspect the flame pattern (as applicable) and adjust the burner as necessary to optimize the flame pattern. The adjustment should be consistent with the manufacturer's specifications, if available.

(4) For each direct-fired PCWP dryer with a burner in the dryer, cycle the burner through its firing range to ensure the burner functions satisfactorily throughout the operating range.

(5) Inspect the combustion air system and system that controls the air-to-fuel ratio to make sure it is functioning properly (according to the manufacturer's guidelines, if available).

(6) Inspect the fuel delivery system and, if applicable, the ash removal system to make sure each system is functioning properly (according to the manufacturer's guidelines, if available).

(7) Record the results of each inspection and corrective action taken, as required in § 63.2282.

(8) The required inspections and any necessary maintenance must be performed annually (no more than 13 months after previous inspection). If inspections are performed more frequently than annually, required equipment maintenance and replacement may be delayed until the next scheduled shutdown of the combustion unit firing a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln.

(a) You must submit all of the notifications in §§ 63.7(b) and (c), 63.8(e) and (f)(4) and (6), 63.9(b) through (e) and (g) and (h) by the dates specified.

(b) You must submit an Initial Notification no later than 120 calendar days after September 28, 2004, 120 calendar days after initial startup, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, or after initial startup, whichever is later, as specified in § 63.9(b)(2). Initial notifications required in § 63.9(b) must be submitted in a user-specified format such as portable document format (PDF) following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k) except the Confidential Business Information (CBI) should be submitted according to § 63.2281(k).

(c) If you are required to conduct a performance test, you must submit a written notification of intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 calendar days before the performance test is scheduled to begin as specified in § 63.7(b)(1).

(d) If you are required to conduct a performance test, design evaluation, or other compliance demonstration as specified in tables 4 through 6 to this subpart, or a repeat performance test as specified in table 7 to this subpart, you must submit a Notification of Compliance Status as specified in § 63.9(h)(2)(ii). Notifications of Compliance Status must be submitted in a user-specified format such as portable document format (PDF) following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k) except the CBI should be submitted according to § 63.2281(k).

(1) For each initial compliance demonstration required in Table 5 or 6 to this subpart that does not include a performance test, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status before the close of business on the 30th calendar day following the completion of the initial compliance demonstration.

(2) For each compliance demonstration required in Tables 5, 6, and 7 to this subpart that includes a performance test conducted according to the requirements in Table 4 to this subpart, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status, including a summary of the performance test results, before the close of business on the 60th calendar day following the completion of the performance test.

(e) If you request a routine control device maintenance exemption according to § 63.2251, you must submit your request for the exemption no later than 30 days before the compliance date.

(f) [Reserved]

(g) You must notify the EPA Administrator within 30 days before you take any of the actions specified in paragraphs (g)(1) and (3) of this section.

(1) You modify or replace the control system for any process unit subject to the compliance options and operating requirements in this subpart.

(2) [Reserved]

(3) You change a continuous monitoring parameter or the value or range of values of a continuous monitoring parameter for any process unit or control device.

(a) You must submit each report in table 9 to this subpart that applies to you.

(b) Unless the EPA Administrator has approved a different schedule for submission of reports under § 63.10(a), you must submit each report by the date in table 9 to this subpart and as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) The first compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.2233 ending on June 30 or December 31, and lasting at least 6 months, but less than 12 months. For example, if your compliance date is March 1, then the first semiannual reporting period would begin on March 1 and end on December 31.

(2) The first compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31 for compliance periods ending on June 30 and December 31, respectively.

(3) Each subsequent compliance report must cover the semiannual reporting period from January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 1 through December 31.

(4) Each subsequent compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31 for the semiannual reporting period ending on June 30 and December 31, respectively.

(5) For each affected source that is subject to permitting regulations pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 71, and if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual reports pursuant to § 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or § 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), you may submit the first and subsequent compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established instead of according to the dates in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.

(6) Submit all reports following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k) except the CBI should be submitted according to paragraph (k) of this section.

(c) The compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (11) of this section.

(1) Company name and address.

(2) Statement by a responsible official with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the report.

(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.

(4) The compliance report must include the number of instances and total amount of time during the reporting period in which each of the work practice requirements in table 3 to this subpart (row 6, 7, or 8) is used in place of the otherwise applicable compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements (in table 3 to this subpart rows 1 through 5). If a work practice in table 3 to this subpart (row 6, 7, or 8) is used for more than a total of 100 hours during the semiannual reporting period, you must report the date, time and duration of each instance when that one work practice exceeding 100 hours was used.

(5) A description of control device maintenance performed while the control device was offline and one or more of the process units controlled by the control device was operating, including the information specified in paragraphs (c)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) The date and time when the control device was shut down and restarted.

(ii) Identification of the process units that were operating and the number of hours that each process unit operated while the control device was offline.

(iii) A statement of whether or not the control device maintenance was included in your approved routine control device maintenance exemption developed pursuant to § 63.2251. If the control device maintenance was included in your approved routine control device maintenance exemption, then you must report the information in paragraphs (c)(5)(iii)(A) through (C) of this section.

(A) The total amount of time that each process unit controlled by the control device operated during the semiannual compliance period and during the previous semiannual compliance period.

(B) The amount of time that each process unit controlled by the control device operated while the control device was down for maintenance covered under the routine control device maintenance exemption during the semiannual compliance period and during the previous semiannual compliance period.

(C) Based on the information recorded under paragraphs (c)(5)(iii)(A) and (B) of this section for each process unit, compute the annual percent of process unit operating uptime during which the control device was offline for routine maintenance using the following equation.

(6) [Reserved]

(7) If there are no deviations from any applicable compliance option or operating requirement, and there are no deviations from the requirements for work practice requirements in table 8 to this subpart, a statement that there were no deviations from the compliance options, operating requirements, or work practice requirements during the reporting period.

(8) If there were no periods during which the continuous monitoring system (CMS), including CEMS, COMS, and CPMS, was out-of-control as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were no periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period.

(9) For each combustion unit subject to tune-up requirements, include the date of the most recent burner tune-up and a summary of corrective actions taken.

(10) The total time (hours) during the semiannual reporting period that each combustion unit bypass stack or each process unit bypass stack was used.

(11) For each lumber kiln, the information specified in paragraphs (c)(11)(i) though (v) of this section.

(i) A description of updates to the O&M plan made during the reporting period, as required under § 63.2253(a)(4).

(ii) If complying with the dry bulb temperature limit option in § 63.2241(e)(3)(i), note the applicable maximum dry bulb temperature limit according to kiln type, and report deviations from the dry bulb temperature limit batch cycle average (for batch kilns) or daily block average (for continuous kilns) calculated according to § 63.2270(h)(1).

(iii) If complying with a site-specific temperature limit under a site-specific plan in § 63.2241(e)(3)(iii)(A), note the site-specific temperature parameter limit, and report deviations from the 3-hour block average temperature parameter limit included in the site-specific plan calculated according to § 63.2270(h)(2).

(iv) If complying with the hybrid option in § 63.2241(e)(3)(ii), note the applicable maximum dry bulb temperature limit according to kiln type, report deviations from the dry bulb temperature limit batch cycle average (for batch kilns) or daily block average (for continuous kilns) calculated according to § 63.2270(h)(1), and report the semiannual average lumber moisture content determined according to § 63.2270(i).

(v) If complying with a site-specific approach for monitoring kiln-dried lumber moisture content under a site-specific plan in § 63.2241(e)(3)(iii)(B), describe the lumber moisture monitoring method and location and note the site-specific minimum kiln-dried lumber moisture content limit included in the site-specific plan. Report corrective actions taken as a result of monthly lumber moisture content averages (determined according to § 63.2270(g)) that are below the minimum lumber moisture content limit in the site-specific plan. Report the semiannual average kiln-dried lumber moisture content value determined according to § 63.2270(g).

(d) For each deviation from a compliance option or operating requirement and for each deviation from the work practice requirements in table 8 to this subpart that occurs at an affected source where you are not using a CMS to comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, or work practice requirements in this subpart, the compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (5) of this section and in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction and routine control device maintenance.

(1) The total operating time of each affected source during the reporting period.

(2) Information on the date, time, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), as applicable, and the corrective action taken.

(e) For each deviation from a compliance option, operating requirement, or work practice requirement occurring at an affected source where you are using a CMS to comply with the compliance options, operating requirements, or work practice requirements in this subpart, you must include the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (5) and (e)(2) through (13) of this section. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction and routine control device maintenance.

(1) [Reserved]

(2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.

(3) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was out-of-control, including the information in § 63.8(c)(8).

(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction; during a period of control device maintenance covered in your approved routine control device maintenance exemption; or during another period.

(5) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the reporting period and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.

(6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to startup, shutdown, control system problems, control device maintenance, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.

(7) A summary of the total duration of CMS downtime during the reporting period and the total duration of CMS downtime as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.

(8) A brief description of the process units.

(9) A brief description of the CMS.

(10) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.

(11) A description of any changes in CMS, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.

(12) For any failure to meet a compliance option in § 63.2240, including the compliance options in table 1A through 1E to this subpart, provide an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.

(13) The total operating time of each affected source during the reporting period.

(f) [Reserved]

(g) Each affected source that has obtained a title V operating permit pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 71 must report all deviations as defined in this subpart in the semiannual monitoring report required by § 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or § 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A). If an affected source submits a compliance report pursuant to table 9 to this subpart along with, or as part of, the semiannual monitoring report required by § 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or § 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), and the compliance report includes all required information concerning deviations from any compliance option, operating requirement, or work practice requirement in this subpart, submission of the compliance report shall be deemed to satisfy any obligation to report the same deviations in the semiannual monitoring report. However, submission of a compliance report shall not otherwise affect any obligation the affected source may have to report deviations from permit requirements to the permitting authority.

(h) If you are required to submit reports following the procedure specified in this paragraph (h), you must submit reports to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), which can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov/). For semiannual compliance reports required in this section and table 9 (row 1) to this subpart, you must use the appropriate electronic report template on the CEDRI website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/compliance-and-emissions-data-reporting-interface-cedri) for this subpart. The date report templates become available will be listed on the CEDRI website. If the reporting form for the semiannual compliance report specific to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the report is due, you must submit the report to the Administrator at the appropriate addresses listed in § 63.13. You must begin submitting all subsequent reports via CEDRI in the first full reporting period after the report template for this subpart has been available in CEDRI for 1 year. The report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted.

(i) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedures specified in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test. Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's CDX (https://cdx.epa.gov/). The data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.

(2) Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the test. The results of the performance test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the EPA via CEDRI.

(3) Confidential Business Information (CBI). If you claim some of the information submitted under this paragraph (i) is CBI, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA. The file must be generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Submit the file according to paragraph (k) of this section except it should be sent to the attention of the Branch Supervisor in the Measurement Strategy Branch.

(j) Within 60 days after the date of completing each continuous monitoring system (CMS) performance evaluation (as defined in § 63.2), you must submit the results of the performance evaluation following the procedures specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section.

(1) Performance evaluations of CMS measuring relative accuracy test audit (RATA) pollutants that are supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the evaluation. Submit the results of the performance evaluation to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's CDX. The data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.

(2) Performance evaluations of CMS measuring RATA pollutants that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the evaluation. The results of the performance evaluation must be included as an attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the EPA via CEDRI.

(3) Confidential Business Information (CBI). If you claim some of the information submitted under this paragraph (j) is CBI, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA. The file must be generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Submit the file according to paragraph (k) of this section except it should be sent to the attention of the Branch Supervisor in the Measurement Strategy Branch.

(k) For Confidential Business Information (CBI):

(1) The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OCAP CBI Office at the email address [email protected], and as described in the preceding sentence, should include clear CBI markings and be flagged to the attention of the Sector Lead, Plywood and Composite Wood Products. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email [email protected] to request a file transfer link.

(2) If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: OCAP Document Control Officer (C404-02), OCAP, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention Sector Lead—Plywood and Composite Wood Products. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope.

(3) All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.

(4) You must submit the same file submitted to the CBI office with the CBI omitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described in § 63.9(k).

(l) [Reserved]

(a) You must keep the records listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any Initial Notification or Notification of Compliance Status that you submitted, according to the requirements in § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv).

(2) Records related to startup and shutdown, failures to meet the standard, and actions taken to minimize emissions, specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.

(i) Record the date, time, and duration of each startup and/or shutdown period, including the periods when the affected source was subject to the standard applicable to startup and shutdown.

(ii) In the event that an affected unit fails to meet an applicable standard, record the number of failures; for each failure, record the date, time, cause and duration of each failure.

(iii) For each failure to meet an applicable standard, record and retain a list of the affected sources or equipment, and the following information:

(A) For any failure to meet a compliance option in § 63.2240, including the compliance options in tables 1A through 1E to this subpart, record an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.

(B) For each failure to meet an operating requirement in Table 2 to this subpart or work practice requirement in Table 3 to this subpart, maintain sufficient information to estimate the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over the emission limit. This information must be sufficient to provide a reliable emissions estimate if requested by the Administrator.

(iv) Record actions taken to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.2250(g), and any corrective actions taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.

(3) Documentation of your approved routine control device maintenance exemption, if you request such an exemption under § 63.2251.

(4) Records of performance tests and performance evaluations as required in § 63.10(b)(2)(viii).

(b) You must keep the records required in Tables 7 and 8 to this subpart to show continuous compliance with each compliance option, operating requirement, and work practice requirement that applies to you.

(c) For each CMS, you must keep the following records:

(1) Records described in § 63.10(b)(2)(vi) through (xi).

(2) Previous (i.e., superseded) versions of the performance evaluation plan, with the program of corrective action included in the plan required under § 63.8(d)(2).

(3) Request for alternatives to relative accuracy testing for CEMS as required in § 63.8(f)(6)(i).

(4) Records of the date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether the deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period.

(d) [Reserved]

(e) If you operate a catalytic oxidizer, you must keep records of annual catalyst activity checks and subsequent corrective actions.

(f) You must keep the written CMS quality control procedures required by § 63.8(d)(2) on record for the life of the affected source or until the affected source is no longer subject to the provisions of this subpart, to be made available for inspection, upon request, by the Administrator. If the performance evaluation plan is revised, you must keep previous (i.e., superseded) versions of the performance evaluation plan on record to be made available for inspection, upon request, by the Administrator, for a period of 5 years after each revision to the plan. The program of corrective action should be included in the plan required under § 63.8(d)(2).

(a) Your records must be in a form suitable and readily available for expeditious review as specified in § 63.10(b)(1).

(b) As specified in § 63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.

(c) You must keep each record on site for at least 2 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record according to § 63.10(b)(1). You can keep the records offsite for the remaining 3 years.

(d) [Reserved]

Table 10 to this subpart shows which parts of the general provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.16 apply to you.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the EPA Administrator and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.

(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies are listed in paragraphs (c)(1) through (5) of this section.

(1) Approval of alternatives to the compliance options, operating requirements, and work practice requirements in §§ 63.2240 and 63.2241 as specified in § 63.6(g). For the purposes of delegation authority under 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, “compliance options” represent “emission limits”; “operating requirements” represent “operating limits”; and “work practice requirements” represent “work practice standards.”

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods as specified in § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring as specified in § 63.8(f) and as defined in § 63.90.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting as specified in § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.

(5) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.

Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act (CAA), in § 63.2, and in this section as follows:

1-hour period means a 60-minute period.

Affected source means the collection of dryers, refiners, blenders, formers, presses, board coolers, and other process units associated with the manufacturing of plywood and composite wood products. The affected source includes, but is not limited to, green end operations, refining, drying operations (including any combustion unit exhaust stream routinely used to direct fire process unit(s)), resin preparation, blending and forming operations, pressing and board cooling operations, and miscellaneous finishing operations (such as sanding, sawing, patching, edge sealing, and other finishing operations not subject to other NESHAP). The affected source also includes onsite storage of raw materials used in the manufacture of plywood and/or composite wood products, such as resins; onsite wastewater treatment operations specifically associated with plywood and composite wood products manufacturing; and miscellaneous coating operations (defined elsewhere in this section). The affected source includes lumber kilns at PCWP manufacturing facilities and at any other kind of facility.

Agricultural fiber means the fiber of an annual agricultural crop. Examples of agricultural fibers include, but are not limited to, wheat straw, rice straw, and bagasse.

Atmospheric refiner means a piece of equipment operated under atmospheric pressure for refining (rubbing, grinding, or milling) wood material into fibers or particles for use in particleboard, MDF or dry-process hardboard production. Atmospheric refiners are operated with continuous infeed and outfeed of wood material and atmospheric pressures throughout the refining process. An atmospheric refiner is a process unit.

Biofilter means an enclosed control system such as a tank or series of tanks with a fixed roof that contact emissions with a solid media (such as bark) and use microbiological activity to transform organic pollutants in a process exhaust stream to innocuous compounds such as carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts. Wastewater treatment systems such as aeration lagoons or activated sludge systems are not considered to be biofilters.

Blender means rotary drum or other vessel in which resin and other additives are mixed with wood or agricultural fiber furnish prior to forming into a composite wood product. Blenders do not include mix chests in wet formed fiberboard or hardboard manufacturing. A blender is a process unit.

Capture device means a hood, enclosure, or other means of collecting emissions into a duct so that the emissions can be measured.

Capture efficiency means the fraction (expressed as a percentage) of the pollutants from an emission source that are collected by a capture device.

Catalytic oxidizer means a control system that combusts or oxidizes, in the presence of a catalyst, exhaust gas from a process unit. Catalytic oxidizers include regenerative catalytic oxidizers and thermal catalytic oxidizers.

Combustion unit means a dryer burner, process heater, or boiler. Combustion units may be used for combustion of organic HAP emissions.

Combustion unit bypass stack means a bypass or abort stack in which a combustion unit exhaust stream routinely used to direct-fire a PCWP dryer or lumber kiln is vented to the atmosphere without first passing through the PCWP dryer or lumber kiln.

Control device means any equipment that reduces the quantity of HAP emitted to the air. The device may destroy the HAP or secure the HAP for subsequent recovery. Control devices include, but are not limited to, thermal or catalytic oxidizers, combustion units that incinerate process exhausts, biofilters, and condensers.

Control system or add-on control system means the combination of capture and control devices used to reduce HAP emissions to the atmosphere.

Conveyor strand dryer means a conveyor dryer used to reduce the moisture of wood strands used in the manufacture of oriented strandboard, laminated strand lumber, or other wood strand-based products. A conveyor strand dryer is a process unit.

Conveyor strand dryer zone means each portion of a conveyor strand dryer with a separate heat exchange system and exhaust vent(s). Conveyor strand dryers contain multiple zones (e.g., three zones), which may be divided into multiple sections.

Curing chamber means an oven or room surrounded by a wall or heavy plastic flaps that uses heat, infrared, or radio-frequency techniques to cure the resin used to bond the web and flange components of I-joists. A curing chamber is a process unit.

Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:

(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart including, but not limited to, any compliance option, operating requirement, or work practice requirement;

(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart, and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or

(3) Fails to meet any compliance option, operating requirement, or work practice requirement in this subpart during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, regardless of whether or not such failure is permitted by this subpart. A deviation is not always a violation. The determination of whether a deviation constitutes a violation of the standard is up to the discretion of the entity responsible for enforcement of the standards.

Direct-fired process unit means a process unit that is heated by the passing of combustion exhaust through the process unit such that the process material is contacted by the combustion exhaust.

Direct natural gas-fired PCWP dryer means a direct-fired PCWP dryer (including each dry rotary dryer, green rotary dryer, tube dryer, rotary strand dryer, hardboard oven, press predryer or heated zones from a softwood or hardwood veneer dryer, conveyor strand dryer, or fiberboard mat dryer) in which greater than 90 percent of the direct-fired annual heat input results from natural gas (or propane) combustion.

Direct wood-fired PCWP dryer means a direct-fired PCWP dryer in which 10 percent or more of the direct-fired annual heat input results from combustion of wood-derived fuel such as bark, wood residuals, or wood-derived syngas or any other fuel except for natural gas (or propane).

Dry forming means the process of making a mat of resinated fiber to be compressed into a reconstituted wood product such as particleboard, oriented strandboard, medium density fiberboard, or hardboard.

Dry rotary dryer means a rotary dryer that dries wood particles or fibers with a maximum inlet moisture content of less than or equal to 30 percent (by weight, dry basis) and operates with a maximum inlet temperature of less than or equal to 600 °F. A dry rotary dryer is a process unit.

Dryer heated zones means the zones of a softwood veneer dryer or fiberboard mat dryer that are equipped with heating and hot air circulation units. The cooling zone(s) of the dryer through which ambient air is blown are not part of the dryer heated zones.

Engineered wood product means a structural wood product made with lumber, veneers, strands of wood, or from other small wood elements that are bound together with resin. Engineered wood products include, but are not limited to, laminated strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, parallel strand lumber, wood I-joists, and glue-laminated beams.

Engineered wood product press means a press that applies heat and/or pressure to resinated veneer, wood strands, or lumber to bond the resinated wood material into an engineered wood product. An engineered wood product press is a process unit.

Fiber means the discrete elements of wood or similar cellulosic material, which are separated by mechanical means, as in refining, that can be formed into boards.

Fiber washer means a unit in which water-soluble components of wood (hemicellulose and sugars) that have been produced during digesting are removed from the wood fiber. Typically, wet fiber leaving a refiner is further diluted with water and then passed over a filter, leaving the cleaned fiber on the surface. A fiber washer is a process unit.

Fiberboard means a composite panel composed of cellulosic fibers (usually wood or agricultural material) made by wet forming and compacting a mat of fibers. Fiberboard density generally is less than 0.50 grams per cubic centimeter (31.5 pounds per cubic foot).

Fiberboard mat dryer means a dryer used to reduce the moisture of wet-formed wood fiber mats used to produce fiberboard or hardboard by applying heat. A fiberboard mat dryer is a process unit.

Finishing sander means a piece of equipment that uses an abrasive drum, belt, or pad to impart smoothness to the surface of a plywood or composite wood product panel and to reduce the panel to the prescribed thickness. A finishing sander is a process unit.

Finishing saw means a piece of equipment used to trim or cut finished plywood and composite wood products panels to a certain size. A finishing saw is a process unit.

Flame zone means the portion of the combustion chamber in a combustion unit that is occupied by the flame envelope.

Former or forming system means a series of bins (or forming headers) that distribute resinated furnish into layers onto a conveyor to form a loose mat to be compressed into a reconstituted wood product such as particleboard, oriented strandboard, or medium density fiberboard. Each forming bin (or forming header) adds a layer to the mat beginning with a face furnish layer, then one or more core furnish layers, and ending with a face furnish layer. The forming system includes each of the forming bins (headers) in series, flying cutoff saw (in facilities with batch presses), and pneumatic furnish pick-up points up prior to the press loader or continuous press.

Furnish means the fibers, particles, or strands used for making boards.

Glue-laminated beam means a structural wood beam made by bonding lumber together along its faces with resin.

Glue-laminated beam press means an engineered wood product press that presses resinated stacks of lumber into a beam by application of heat and/or pressure.

Green rotary dryer means a rotary dryer that dries wood particles or fibers with an inlet moisture content of greater than 30 percent (by weight, dry basis) at any dryer inlet temperature or operates with an inlet temperature of greater than 600 °F with any inlet moisture content. A green rotary dryer is a process unit.

Group 1 miscellaneous coating operations means application of edge seals, nail lines, logo (or other information) paint, shelving edge fillers, trademark/grade stamp inks, and wood putty patches to plywood and composite wood products (except kiln-dried lumber) on the same site where the plywood and composite wood products are manufactured. Group 1 miscellaneous coating operations also include application of synthetic patches to plywood at new affected sources.

Hardboard means a composite panel composed of inter-felted cellulosic fibers made by dry or wet forming and pressing of a resinated fiber mat. Hardboard generally has a density of 0.50 grams per cubic centimeter (31.5 pounds per cubic foot) or greater.

Hardboard oven means an oven used to heat treat or temper hardboard after hot pressing. Humidification chambers are not considered as part of hardboard ovens. A hardboard oven is a process unit.

Hardwood means the wood of a broad-leafed tree, either deciduous or evergreen. Examples of hardwoods include, but are not limited to, aspen, birch, poplar, and oak.

Hardwood plywood press means a hot press which, through heat and pressure, bonds assembled hardwood veneers (including multiple plies of veneer and/or a substrate) and resin into a hardwood plywood panel. A hardwood plywood press is a process unit.

Hardwood veneer dryer means a dryer that removes excess moisture from veneer by conveying the veneer through a heated medium on rollers, belts, cables, or wire mesh. Hardwood veneer dryers are used to dry veneer with less than 30 percent softwood species on an annual volume basis. Veneer kilns that operate as batch units, veneer dryers heated by radio frequency or microwaves that are used to redry veneer, and veneer redryers (defined elsewhere in this section) that are heated by conventional means are not considered to be hardwood veneer dryers. A hardwood veneer dryer is a process unit.

Humidifier or humidification chamber means a process unit used to increase the moisture content of hardboard following pressing or baking in a hardboard oven. Typically, water vapor saturated air is blown over the hardboard surfaces in a cabinet. A humidifier is a process unit.

Kiln-dried lumber means solid wood lumber that has been dried in a lumber kiln.

Laminated strand lumber (LSL) means a composite product formed into a billet made of thin wood strands cut from whole logs, resinated, and pressed together with the grain of each strand oriented parallel to the length of the finished product.

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) means a composite product formed into a billet made from layers of resinated wood veneer sheets or pieces pressed together with the grain of each veneer aligned primarily along the length of the finished product. Laminated veneer lumber is also known as parallel strand lumber (PSL).

Log vat means a process unit that raises the temperature of the logs inside by applying a heated substance, usually hot water or steam, to the outside of the logs by spraying or soaking. A log vat is a process unit.

Lumber means boards or planks sawed or split from logs or timber, including logs or timber processed for use as utility poles or other wood components. Lumber can be either green (non-dried) or dried. Lumber is typically either air-dried or kiln-dried.

Lumber kiln means an enclosed dryer operated by applying heat to reduce the moisture content of lumber.

LVL or PSL press means an engineered wood product press that presses resinated stacks of veneers into a solid billet by application of heat and/or pressure. The billet is cut into laminated veneer lumber or parallel strand lumber after exiting the press. An LVL or PSL press is a process unit.

Maximum lumber moisture specification means (for purposes of this subpart) the upper limit of lumber moisture content (weight percent on a dry basis) that meets the relevant lumber grade standard for a lumber product.

Maximum true vapor pressure means the equilibrium partial pressure exerted by each HAP that is present in the stored resin in a concentration above the thresholds defining non-HAP resins at the temperature equal to the highest calendar-month average of the liquid storage temperature for liquids stored above or below the ambient temperature, or at the local maximum monthly average temperature as reported by the National Weather Service for liquids stored at the ambient temperature, as determined:

(1) From safety data sheets or other technical information provided by the PCWP resin supplier; or

(2) Standard reference texts; or

(3) Any other method approved by the Administrator.

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) means a composite panel composed of cellulosic fibers (usually wood or agricultural fiber) made by dry forming and pressing of a resinated fiber mat.

Method detection limit means the minimum concentration of an analyte that can be determined with 99 percent confidence that the true value is greater than zero.

Miscellaneous coating operations means application of any of the following to plywood or composite wood products: edge seals, moisture sealants, anti-skid coatings, company logos, trademark or grade stamps, nail lines, synthetic patches, wood patches, wood putty, concrete forming oils, glues for veneer composing, and shelving edge fillers. Miscellaneous coating operations also include the application of primer to oriented strandboard siding that occurs at the same site as oriented strandboard manufacture and application of asphalt, clay slurry, or titanium dioxide coatings to fiberboard at the same site of fiberboard manufacture.

Mixed PCWP process stream means an emission stream from a process unit subject to standards effective on July 6, 2026, that was co-mingled with an emissions stream or streams from one or more process units subject to the compliance options in table 1B to this subpart before July 6, 2026, at an affected source that commenced construction (or reconstruction) on or before May 18, 2023.

Molded particleboard means a shaped composite product (other than a composite panel) composed primarily of cellulosic materials (usually wood or agricultural fiber) generally in the form of discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers, which are pressed together with resin.

MSF means thousand square feet (92.9 square meters). Square footage of panels is usually measured on a thickness basis, such as 3/8-inch, to define the total volume of panels. Equation 3 of § 63.2262(j) shows how to convert from one thickness basis to another.

Multipurpose atmospheric refiner means an atmospheric refiner that processes wood for use in PCWP and is not a “post-dryer atmospheric refiner” as defined in this section. A multipurpose atmospheric refiner is a process unit.

Natural gas means:

(1) A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth's surface, of which the principal constituent is methane; or

(2) Liquefied petroleum gas, as defined in ASTM D1835-05 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14); or

(3) A mixture of hydrocarbons that maintains a gaseous state at ISO conditions. Additionally, natural gas must either be composed of at least 70 percent methane by volume or have a gross calorific value between 35 and 41 megajoules (MJ) per dry standard cubic meter (950 and 1,100 Btu per dry standard cubic foot); or

(4) Propane or propane derived synthetic natural gas. Propane means a colorless gas derived from petroleum and natural gas, with the molecular structure C3H8.

Nondetect data means, for the purposes of this subpart, any value that is below the method detection limit.

Non-HAP coating means a coating with HAP contents below 0.1 percent by mass for Occupational Safety and Health Administration-defined carcinogens as specified in section A.6.4 of appendix A to 29 CFR 1910.1200, and below 1.0 percent by mass for other HAP compounds.

Non-HAP resin means a resin that contains less than 0.1 percent by mass of formaldehyde and less than 1.0 percent by mass each of phenol, methanol, and MDI.

Oriented strandboard (OSB) means a composite panel produced from thin wood strands cut from whole logs, formed into resinated layers (with the grain of strands in one layer oriented perpendicular to the strands in adjacent layers), and pressed.

Oven-dried ton(s) (ODT) means tons of wood dried until all of the moisture in the wood is removed. One oven-dried ton equals 907 oven-dried kilograms.

Panel-trim chipper means a piece of equipment that accepts the discarded pieces of veneer or pressed plywood and composite wood products panels that are removed by finishing saws and reduces these pieces to small elements. A panel-trim chipper is a process unit.

Parallel strand lumber (PSL) means a composite product formed into a billet made from layers of resinated wood veneer sheets or pieces pressed together with the grain of each veneer aligned primarily along the length of the finished product. Parallel strand lumber is also known as laminated veneer lumber (LVL).

Partial wood products enclosure means an enclosure that does not meet the design criteria for a wood products enclosure as defined in this subpart.

Particle means a discrete, small piece of cellulosic material (usually wood or agricultural fiber) produced mechanically and used as the aggregate for a particleboard.

Particleboard means a composite panel composed primarily of cellulosic materials (usually wood or agricultural fiber) generally in the form of discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers, which are pressed together with resin.

PCWP dryer means each dry rotary dryer, green rotary dryer, tube dryer, rotary strand dryer, hardboard oven, or press predryer; or the heated zones from a softwood or hardwood veneer dryer, conveyor strand dryer, or fiberboard mat dryer.

Plywood means a panel product consisting of layers of wood veneers hot pressed together with resin. Plywood includes panel products made by hot pressing (with resin) veneers to a substrate such as particleboard, medium density fiberboard, or lumber. Plywood products may be flat or curved.

Plywood and composite wood products (PCWP) manufacturing facility means a facility that manufactures plywood and/or composite wood products by bonding wood material (fibers, particles, strands, veneers, etc.) or agricultural fiber, generally with resin under heat and pressure, to form a panel, engineered wood product, or other product defined in this section. Plywood and composite wood products manufacturing facilities also include facilities that manufacture dry veneer and lumber kilns located at any facility. Plywood and composite wood products include, but are not limited to, plywood, veneer, particleboard, molded particleboard, oriented strandboard, hardboard, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard, laminated strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, wood I-joists, kiln-dried lumber, and glue-laminated beams.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) means the sum of 2-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, perylene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene.

Post-dryer atmospheric refiner means an atmospheric refiner used to process wood for use in PCWP in which 90 percent or more (by weight) of the annual throughput has been previously dried onsite in a dryer at the PCWP affected facility. A post-dryer atmospheric refiner is a process unit.

Press predryer means a dryer used to reduce the moisture and elevate the temperature by applying heat to a wet-formed fiber mat before the mat enters a hot press. A press predryer is a process unit.

Pressurized refiner means a piece of equipment operated under pressure for preheating (usually by steaming) wood material and refining (rubbing or grinding) the wood material into fibers. Pressurized refiners are operated with continuous infeed and outfeed of wood material and maintain elevated internal pressures (i.e., there is no pressure release) throughout the preheating and refining process. Pressurized refiners include steaming vessels that operate under pressure to continuously feed and vent through the pressurized refiner. A pressurized refiner is a process unit.

Primary tube dryer means a single-stage tube dryer or the first stage of a multi-stage tube dryer. Tube dryer stages are separated by vents for removal of moist gases between stages (e.g., a product cyclone at the end of a single-stage dryer or between the first and second stages of a multi-stage tube dryer). The first stage of a multi-stage tube dryer is used to remove the majority of the moisture from the wood furnish (compared to the moisture reduction in subsequent stages of the tube dryer). Blow-lines used to apply resin are considered part of the primary tube dryer. A primary tube dryer is a process unit.

Process unit means equipment classified according to its function such as a blender, dryer, press, former, or board cooler.

Process unit bypass stack means a bypass or abort stack that allows a process unit exhaust stream to temporarily vent to the atmosphere while bypassing a control device routinely used to meet the compliance options in table 1B, 1C, 1D, or 1E to this subpart.

Process unit(s) subject to standards effective on July 6, 2026, means a softwood plywood press, hardwood plywood press, engineered wood product press, humidifier, atmospheric refiner, stand-alone digester, fiber washer, blender, former, finishing sander, finishing saw, panel trim chipper, log vat, resin tank, onsite wastewater treatment operation specifically associated with PCWP manufacturing, lumber kiln, press predryer (at an existing affected source), fiberboard mat dryer heated zones (at an existing affected source), or reconstituted wood products board cooler (at an existing affected source).

Reconstituted wood product board cooler means a piece of equipment designed to reduce the temperature of a board by means of forced air or convection within a controlled time period after the board exits the reconstituted wood product press unloader. Board coolers include wicket and star type coolers commonly found at medium density fiberboard and particleboard plants. Board coolers do not include cooling sections of dryers (e.g., veneer dryers or fiberboard mat dryers) or coolers integrated into or following hardboard bake ovens or humidifiers. A reconstituted wood product board cooler is a process unit.

Reconstituted wood product press means a press, including (if applicable) the press unloader, that presses a resinated mat of wood fibers, particles, or strands between hot platens or hot rollers to compact and set the mat into a panel by simultaneous application of heat and pressure. Reconstituted wood product presses are used in the manufacture of hardboard, medium density fiberboard, particleboard, and oriented strandboard. Extruders are not considered to be reconstituted wood product presses. A reconstituted wood product press is a process unit.

Representative operating conditions means operation of a process unit during performance testing under the conditions that the process unit will typically be operating in the future, including use of a representative range of materials (e.g., wood material of a typical species mix and moisture content or typical resin formulation) and representative operating temperature range. Representative operating conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown.

Resin means the synthetic adhesive (including glue) or natural binder, including additives, used to bond wood or other cellulosic materials together to produce plywood and composite wood products.

Resin tank means a storage tank, container, or vessel connected to plywood and composite wood product production that holds resin. A resin tank is a process unit.

Resinated material handling (RMH) process unit means each resin tank, softwood plywood press, hardwood plywood press, engineered wood product press or curing chamber, blender, former, finishing saw, finishing sander, panel trim chipper, hardboard humidifier, and onsite wastewater treatment operations specifically associated with PCWP manufacturing at a new or existing affected source; and each reconstituted wood products board cooler at an existing affected source.

Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR 70.2 and 71.2.

Rotary strand dryer means a rotary dryer operated by applying heat and used to reduce the moisture of wood strands used in the manufacture of oriented strandboard, laminated strand lumber, or other wood strand-based products. A rotary strand dryer is a process unit.

Safety-related shutdown means an unscheduled shutdown of a process unit subject to a compliance option in table 1B to this subpart during which time emissions from the process unit cannot be safely routed to the control system in place to meet the compliance options or operating requirements in this subpart without imminent danger to the process, control system, or system operator.

Secondary tube dryer means the second stage and subsequent stages following the primary stage of a multi-stage tube dryer. Secondary tube dryers, also referred to as relay dryers, operate at lower temperatures than the primary tube dryer they follow. Secondary tube dryers are used to remove only a small amount of the furnish moisture compared to the furnish moisture reduction across the primary tube dryer. A secondary tube dryer is a process unit.

Softwood means the wood of a coniferous tree. Examples of softwoods include, but are not limited to, Southern yellow pine, Douglas fir, and White spruce.

Softwood plywood press means a hot press which, through heat and pressure, bonds assembled softwood veneer plies and resin into a softwood plywood panel. A softwood plywood press is a process unit.

Softwood veneer dryer means a dryer that removes excess moisture from veneer by conveying the veneer through a heated medium, generally on rollers, belts, cables, or wire mesh. Softwood veneer dryers are used to dry veneer with greater than or equal to 30 percent softwood species on an annual volume basis. Veneer kilns that operate as batch units, veneer dryers heated by radio frequency or microwaves that are used to redry veneer, and veneer redryers (defined elsewhere in this section) that are heated by conventional means are not considered to be softwood veneer dryers. A softwood veneer dryer is a process unit.

Stand-alone digester means a pressure vessel used to heat and soften wood chips (usually by steaming) before the chips are sent to a separate process unit for refining into fiber. Stand-alone digesters operate in batch cycles that include filling with wood chips, pressurization, cooking of wood chips under pressure, pressure release (purge) venting, and chip discharge (blow) from the pressure vessel. Venting of emissions from stand-alone digesters is separate from any downstream refining process. A stand-alone digester is a process unit.

Startup means bringing equipment online and starting the production process.

Startup, initial means the first time equipment is put into operation. Initial startup does not include operation solely for testing equipment. Initial startup does not include subsequent startups (as defined in this section) following malfunction or shutdowns or following changes in product or between batch operations. Initial startup does not include startup of equipment that occurred when the source was an area source.

Strand means a long (with respect to thickness and width), flat wood piece specially cut from a log for use in oriented strandboard, laminated strand lumber, or other wood strand-based product.

Temporary total enclosure (TTE) means an enclosure constructed for the purpose of measuring the capture efficiency of pollutants emitted from a given source, as defined in EPA Method 204 of appendix M to part 51 of this chapter.

Thermal oxidizer means a control system that combusts or oxidizes exhaust gas from a process unit. Thermal oxidizers include regenerative thermal oxidizers and combustion units.

Total hazardous air pollutant emissions means, for purposes of this subpart, the sum of the emissions of the following six compounds: acetaldehyde, acrolein, formaldehyde, methanol, phenol, and propionaldehyde.

Tube dryer means a single-stage or multi-stage dryer operated by applying heat to reduce the moisture of wood fibers or particles as they are conveyed (usually pneumatically) through the dryer. Resin may or may not be applied to the wood material before it enters the tube dryer. Tube dryers do not include pneumatic fiber transport systems that use temperature and humidity conditioned pneumatic system supply air in order to prevent cooling of the wood fiber as it is moved through the process. A tube dryer is a process unit.

Veneer means thin sheets of wood peeled or sliced from logs for use in the manufacture of wood products such as plywood, laminated veneer lumber, or other products.

Veneer redryer means a dryer heated by conventional means, such as direct wood-fired, direct-gas-fired, or steam heated, that is used to redry veneer that has been previously dried. Because the veneer dried in a veneer redryer has been previously dried, the inlet moisture content of the veneer entering the redryer is less than 25 percent (by weight, dry basis). Batch units used to redry veneer (such as redry cookers) are not considered to be veneer redryers. A veneer redryer is a process unit.

Wet control device means any equipment that uses water as a means of collecting an air pollutant. Wet control devices include scrubbers, wet electrostatic precipitators, and electrified filter beds. Wet control devices do not include biofilters or other equipment that destroys or degrades HAP.

Wet forming means the process of making a slurry of water, fiber, and additives into a mat of fibers to be compressed into a fiberboard or hardboard product.

Wood I-joists means a structural wood beam with an I-shaped cross section formed by bonding (with resin) wood or laminated veneer lumber flanges onto a web cut from a panel such as plywood or oriented strandboard.

Wood products enclosure means a permanently installed containment that was designed to meet the following physical design criteria:

(1) Any natural draft opening shall be at least four equivalent opening diameters from each HAP-emitting point, except for where board enters and exits the enclosure, unless otherwise specified by the EPA Administrator.

(2) The total area of all natural draft openings shall not exceed 5 percent of the surface area of the enclosure's four walls, floor, and ceiling.

(3) The average facial velocity of air through all natural draft openings shall be at least 3,600 meters per hour (200 feet per minute). The direction of airflow through all natural draft openings shall be into the enclosure.

(4) All access doors and windows whose areas are not included in item 2 of this definition and are not included in the calculation of facial velocity in item 3 of this definition shall be closed during routine operation of the process.

(5) The enclosure is designed and maintained to capture all emissions for discharge through a control device.

Work practice requirement means any design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard, or combination thereof, that is promulgated pursuant to CAA section 112(h).

This procedure has been developed specifically for the rule for the plywood and composite wood products (PCWP) industry and is used to determine the capture efficiency of a partial hot press enclosure in that industry. This procedure is applicable for the determination of capture efficiency for enclosures around hot presses and is an alternative to the construction of temporary total enclosures (TTE). Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is used as a tracer gas (other tracer gases may be used if approved by the EPA Administrator). This gas is not indigenous to the ambient atmosphere and is nonreactive.

This procedure uses infrared spectrometry (IR) as the analytical technique. When the infrared spectrometer used is a Fourier-Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR), an alternate instrument calibration procedure may be used; the alternate calibration procedure is the calibration transfer standard (CTS) procedure of EPA Method 320 (appendix A to 40 CFR part 63). Other analytical techniques which are capable of equivalent Method Performance (Section 13.0) also may be used. Specifically, gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD) is an applicable technique for analysis of SF6.

A constant mass flow rate of SF6 tracer gas is released through manifolds at multiple locations within the enclosure to mimic the release of hazardous air pollutants during the press process. This test method requires a minimum of three SF6 injection points (two at the press unloader and one at the press) and provides details about considerations for locating the injection points. A GC/ECD is used to measure the concentration of SF6 at the inlet duct to the control device (outlet duct from enclosure). Simultaneously, EPA Method 2 (appendix A to 40 CFR part 60) is used to measure the flow rate at the inlet duct to the control device. The concentration and flow rate measurements are used to calculate the mass emission rate of SF6 at the control device inlet. Through calculation of the mass of SF6 released through the manifolds and the mass of SF6 measured at the inlet to the control device, the capture efficiency of the enclosure is calculated.

In addition, optional samples of the ambient air may be taken at locations around the perimeter of the enclosure to quantify the ambient concentration of SF6 and to identify those areas of the enclosure that may be performing less efficiently; these samples would be taken using disposable syringes and would be analyzed using a GC/ECD.

Finally, in addition to the requirements specified in this procedure, the data quality objectives (DQO) or lower confidence limit (LCL) criteria specified in appendix A to 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, Data Quality Objective and Lower Confidence Limit Approaches for Alternative Capture Efficiency Protocols and Test Methods, must also be satisfied. A minimum of three test runs are required for this procedure; however, additional test runs may be required based on the results of the DQO or LCL analysis.

3.1 Capture efficiency (CE). The weight per unit time of SF6 entering the control device divided by the weight per unit time of SF6 released through manifolds at multiple locations within the enclosure.

3.2 Control device (CD). The equipment used to reduce, by destruction or removal, press exhaust air pollutants prior to discharge to the ambient air.

3.3 Control/destruction efficiency (DE). The volatile organic compound or HAP removal efficiency of the control device.

3.4 Data Quality Objective (DQO) Approach. A statistical procedure to determine the precision of the data from a test series and to qualify the data in the determination of capture efficiency for compliance purposes. If the results of the DQO analysis of the initial three test runs do not satisfy the DQO criterion, the LCL approach can be used or additional test runs must be conducted. If additional test runs are conducted, then the DQO or LCL analysis is conducted using the data from both the initial test runs and all additional test runs.

3.5 Lower Confidence Limit (LCL) Approach. An alternative statistical procedure that can be used to qualify data in the determination of capture efficiency for compliance purposes. If the results of the LCL approach produce a CE that is too low for demonstrating compliance, then additional test runs must be conducted until the LCL or DQO is met. As with the DQO, data from all valid test runs must be used in the calculation.

3.6 Minimum Measurement Level (MML). The minimum tracer gas concentration expected to be measured during the test series. This value is selected by the tester based on the capabilities of the IR spectrometer (or GC/ECD) and the other known or measured parameters of the hot press enclosure to be tested. The selected MML must be above the low-level calibration standard and preferably below the mid-level calibration standard.

3.7 Method 204. The U.S. EPA Method 204, “Criteria For and Verification of a Permanent or Temporary Total Enclosure” (40 CFR part 51, appendix M).

3.8 Method 205. The U.S. EPA Method 205, “Verification of Gas Dilution Systems for Field Instrument Calibrations” (40 CFR part 51, appendix M).

3.9 Method 320. The U.S. EPA Method 320, “Measurement of Vapor Phase Organic and Inorganic Emissions by Extractive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy” (40 CFR part 63, appendix A).

3.10 Overall capture and control efficiency (CCE). The collection and control/destruction efficiency of both the PPE and CD combined. The CCE is calculated as the product of the CE and DE.

3.11 Partial press enclosure (PPE). The physical barrier that “partially” encloses the press equipment, captures a significant amount of the associated emissions, and transports those emissions to the CD.

3.12 Test series. A minimum of three test runs or, when more than three runs are conducted, all of the test runs conducted.

There are no known interferences.

Sulfur hexafluoride is a colorless, odorless, nonflammable liquefied gas. It is stable and nonreactive and, because it is noncorrosive, most structural materials are compatible with it. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Emission Limit-Time Weighted Average (PEL-TWA) and Threshold Limit Value-Time Weighted Average (TLV-TWA) concentrations are 1,000 parts per million. Sulfur hexafluoride is an asphyxiant. Exposure to an oxygen-deficient atmosphere (less than 19.5 percent oxygen) may cause dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, excess salivation, diminished mental alertness, loss of consciousness, and death. Exposure to atmospheres containing less than 12 percent oxygen will bring about unconsciousness without warning and so quickly that the individuals cannot help themselves. Contact with liquid or cold vapor may cause frostbite. Avoid breathing sulfur hexafluoride gas. Self-contained breathing apparatus may be required by rescue workers. Sulfur hexafluoride is not listed as a carcinogen or a potential carcinogen.

This method requires equipment and supplies for: (a) the injection of tracer gas into the enclosure, (b) the measurement of the tracer gas concentration in the exhaust gas entering the control device, and (c) the measurement of the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust gas entering the control device. In addition, the requisite equipment needed for EPA Methods 1-4 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 will be required. Equipment and supplies for optional ambient air sampling are discussed in Section 8.6.

6.1 Tracer Gas Injection.

6.1.1 Manifolds. This method requires the use of tracer gas supply cylinder(s) along with the appropriate flow control elements. Figure 1 shows a schematic drawing of the injection system showing potential locations for the tracer gas manifolds. Figure 2 shows a schematic drawing of the recommended configuration of the injection manifold. Three tracer gas discharge manifolds are required at a minimum.

6.1.2 Flow Control Meter. Flow control and measurement meter for measuring the quantity of tracer gas injected. A mass flow, volumetric flow, or critical orifice control meter can be used for this method. The meter must be accurate to within ±5 percent at the flow rate used. This means that the flow meter must be calibrated against a primary standard for flow measurement at the appropriate flow rate.

6.2 Measurement of Tracer Gas Concentration.

6.2.1 Sampling Probes. Use Pyrex or stainless steel sampling probes of sufficient length to reach the traverse points calculated according to EPA Method 1 (appendix A to 40 CFR part 60).

6.2.2 Sampling Line. Use a heated Teflon sampling line to transport the sample to the analytical instrument.

6.2.3 Sampling Pump. Use a sampling pump capable of extracting sufficient sample from the duct and transporting to the analytical instrument.

6.2.4 Sample Conditioning System. Use a particulate filter sufficient to protect the sampling pump and analytical instrument. At the discretion of the tester and depending on the equipment used and the moisture content of the exhaust gas, it may be necessary to further condition the sample by removing moisture using a condenser.

6.2.5 Analytical Instrument. Use one of the following analytical instruments.

6.2.5.1 Spectrometer. Use an infrared spectrometer designed to measuring SF6 tracer gas and capable of meeting or exceeding the specifications of this procedure. An FTIR meeting the specifications of Method 320 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 63 may be used.

6.2.5.2 GC/ECD. Use a GC/ECD designed to measure SF6 tracer gas and capable of meeting or exceeding the specifications of this procedure.

6.2.6 Recorder. At a minimum, use a recorder with linear strip chart. An automated data acquisition system (DAS) is recommended.

6.3 Exhaust Gas Flow Rate Measurement. Use equipment specified for EPA Methods 2, 3, and 4 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 for measuring flow rate of exhaust gas at the inlet to the control device.

7.1 Tracer Gas. Use SF6 as the tracer gas. The manufacturer of the SF6 tracer gas should provide a recommended shelf life for the tracer gas cylinder over which the concentration does not change more than ±2 percent from the certified value. A gas mixture of SF6 diluted with nitrogen should be used; based on experience and calculations, pure SF6 gas is not necessary to conduct tracer gas testing. Select a concentration and flow rate that is appropriate for the analytical instrument's detection limit, the MML, and the exhaust gas flow rate from the enclosure (see section 8.1.1). You may use a tracer gas other than SF6 with the prior approval of the EPA Administrator. If you use an approved tracer gas other than SF6, all references to SF6 in this protocol instead refer to the approved tracer gas.

7.2 Calibration Gases. The SF6 calibration gases required will be dependent on the selected MML and the appropriate span selected for the test. Commercial cylinder gases certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to within 1 percent of the certified label value are preferable, although cylinder gases certified by the manufacturer to 2 percent accuracy are allowed. Additionally, the manufacturer of the SF6 calibration gases should provide a recommended shelf life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the concentration does not change more than ±2 percent from the certified value. Another option allowed by this method is for the tester to obtain high concentration certified cylinder gases and then use a dilution system meeting the requirements of EPA Method 205, 40 CFR part 51, appendix M, to make multi-level calibration gas standards. Low-level, mid-level, and high-level calibration gases will be required. The MML must be above the low-level standard, the high-level standard must be no more than four times the low-level standard, and the mid-level standard must be approximately halfway between the high- and low-level standards. See section 12.1 for an example calculation of this procedure.

7.2.1 Zero Gas. High purity nitrogen.

7.2.2 Low-Level Calibration Gas. An SF6 calibration gas in nitrogen with a concentration equivalent to 20 to 30 percent of the applicable span value.

7.2.3 Mid-Level Calibration Gas. An SF6 calibration gas in nitrogen with a concentration equivalent to 45 to 55 percent of the applicable span value.

7.2.4 High-Level Calibration Gas. An SF6 calibration gas in nitrogen with a concentration equivalent to 80 to 90 percent of the applicable span value.

8.1 Test Design.

8.1.1 Determination of Minimum Tracer Gas Flow Rate.

8.1.1.1 Determine (via design calculations or measurements) the approximate flow rate of the exhaust gas through the enclosure, actual cubic feet per minute (acfm).

8.1.1.2 Calculate the minimum tracer gas injection rate necessary to assure a detectable SF6 concentration at the exhaust gas measurement point (see section 12.1 for calculation).

8.1.1.3 Select a flow meter for the injection system with an operating range appropriate for the injection rate selected.

8.1.2 Determination of the Approximate Time to Reach Equilibrium.

8.1.2.1 Determine the volume of the enclosure.

8.1.2.2 Calculate the air changes per minute of the enclosure by dividing the approximate exhaust flow rate (8.1.1.1 above) by the enclosed volume (8.1.2.1 above).

8.1.2.3 Calculate the time at which the tracer concentration in the enclosure will achieve approximate equilibrium. Divide 3 by the air changes per minute (8.1.2.2 above) to establish this time. This is the approximate length of time for the system to come to equilibrium. Concentration equilibrium occurs when the tracer concentration in the enclosure stops changing as a function of time for a constant tracer release rate. Because the press is continuously cycling, equilibrium may be exhibited by a repeating, but stable, cyclic pattern rather than a single constant concentration value. Assure sufficient tracer gas is available to allow the system to come to equilibrium, and to sample for a minimum of 20 minutes and repeat the procedure for a minimum of three test runs. Additional test runs may be required based on the results of the DQO and LCL analyses described in 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, appendix A.

8.1.3 Location of Injection Points. This method requires a minimum of three tracer gas injection points. The injection points should be located within leak prone, volatile organic compound/hazardous air pollutant (VOC/HAP) producing areas around the press, or horizontally within 12 inches of the defined equipment. One potential configuration of the injection points is depicted in Figure 1. The effect of wind, exfiltration through the building envelope, and air flowing through open building doors should be considered when locating tracer gas injection points within the enclosure. The injection points should also be located at a vertical elevation equal to the VOC/HAP generating zones. The injection points should not be located beneath obstructions that would prevent a natural dispersion of the gas. Document the selected injection points in a drawing(s).

8.1.4 Location of Flow Measurement and Tracer Sampling. Accurate CD inlet gas flow rate measurements are critical to the success of this procedure. Select a measurement location meeting the criteria of EPA Method 1 (40 CFR part 60, appendix A), Sampling and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources. Also, when selecting the measurement location, consider whether stratification of the tracer gas is likely at the location (e.g., do not select a location immediately after a point of air in-leakage to the duct).

8.2 Tracer Gas Release. Release the tracer gas at a calculated flow rate (see section 12.1 for calculation) through a minimum of three injection manifolds located as described above in 8.1.3. The tracer gas delivery lines must be routed into the enclosure and attached to the manifolds without violating the integrity of the enclosure.

8.3 Pretest Measurements.

8.3.1 Location of Sampling Point(s). If stratification is not suspected at the measurement location, select a single sample point located at the centroid of the CD inlet duct or at a point no closer to the CD inlet duct walls than 1 meter. If stratification is suspected, establish a “measurement line” that passes through the centroidal area and in the direction of any expected stratification. Locate three traverse points at 16.7, 50.0 and 83.3 percent of the measurement line and sample from each of these three points during each run, or follow the procedure in section 8.3.2 to verify whether stratification does or does not exist.

8.3.2 Stratification Verification. The presence or absence of stratification can be verified by using the following procedure. While the facility is operating normally, initiate tracer gas release into the enclosure. For rectangular ducts, locate at least nine sample points in the cross section such that the sample points are the centroids of similarly-shaped, equal area divisions of the cross section. Measure the tracer gas concentration at each point. Calculate the mean value for all sample points. For circular ducts, conduct a 12-point traverse (i.e., six points on each of the two perpendicular diameters) locating the sample points as described in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 1. Perform the measurements and calculations as described above. Determine if the mean pollutant concentration is more than 10 percent different from any single point. If so, the cross section is considered to be stratified, and the tester may not use a single sample point location, but must use the three traverse points at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3 percent of the entire measurement line. Other traverse points may be selected, provided that they can be shown to the satisfaction of the Administrator to provide a representative sample over the stack or duct cross section.

8.4 CD Inlet Gas Flow Rate Measurements. The procedures of EPA Methods 1-4 (40 CFR part 60, appendix A) are used to determine the CD inlet gas flow rate. Molecular weight (Method 3) and moisture (Method 4) determinations are only required once for each test series. However, if the test series is not completed within 24 hours, then the molecular weight and moisture measurements should be repeated daily. As a minimum, velocity measurements are conducted according to the procedures of Methods 1 and 2 before and after each test run, as close to the start and end of the run as practicable. A velocity measurement between two runs satisfies both the criterion of “after” the run just completed and “before” the run to be initiated. Accurate exhaust gas flow rate measurements are critical to the success of this procedure. If significant temporal variations of flow rate are anticipated during the test run under normal process operating conditions, take appropriate steps to accurately measure the flow rate during the test. Examples of steps that might be taken include: (1) conducting additional velocity traverses during the test run; or (2) continuously monitoring a single point of average velocity during the run and using these data, in conjunction with the pre- and post-test traverses, to calculate an average velocity for the test run.

8.5 Tracer Gas Measurement Procedure.

8.5.1 Calibration Error Test. Immediately prior to the emission test (within 2 hours of the start of the test), introduce zero gas and high-level calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly. Zero and calibrate the analyzer according to the manufacturer's procedures using, respectively, nitrogen and the calibration gases. Calculate the predicted response for the low-level and mid-level gases based on a linear response line between the zero and high-level response. Then introduce the low-level and mid-level calibration gases successively to the measurement system. Record the analyzer responses for the low-level and mid-level calibration gases and determine the differences between the measurement system responses and the predicted responses using the equation in section 12.3. These differences must be less than 5 percent of the respective calibration gas value. If not, the measurement system must be replaced or repaired prior to testing. No adjustments to the measurement system shall be conducted after the calibration and before the drift determination (section 8.5.4). If adjustments are necessary before the completion of the test series, perform the drift checks prior to the required adjustments and repeat the calibration following the adjustments. If multiple electronic ranges are to be used, each additional range must be checked with a mid-level calibration gas to verify the multiplication factor.

8.5.2 Response Time Test. Conduct this test once prior to each test series. Introduce zero gas into the measurement system at the calibration valve assembly. When the system output has stabilized, switch quickly to the high-level calibration gas. Record the time from the concentration change to the measurement system response equivalent to 95 percent of the step change. Repeat the test three times and average the results.

8.5.3 SF6 Measurement. Sampling of the enclosure exhaust gas at the inlet to the CD should begin at the onset of tracer gas release. If necessary, adjust the tracer gas injection rate such that the measured tracer gas concentration at the CD inlet is within the spectrometer's calibration range (i.e., between the MML and the span value). Once the tracer gas concentration reaches equilibrium, the SF6 concentration should be measured using the infrared spectrometer continuously for at least 20 minutes per run. Continuously record (i.e., record at least once per minute) the concentration. Conduct at least three test runs. On the recording chart, in the data acquisition system, or in a log book, make a note of periods of process interruption or cyclic operation such as the cycles of the hot press operation. Table 1 to this appendix summarizes the physical measurements required for the enclosure testing.

8.5.4 Drift Determination. Immediately following the completion of the test run, reintroduce the zero and mid-level calibration gases, one at a time, to the measurement system at the calibration valve assembly. (Make no adjustments to the measurement system until both the zero and calibration drift checks are made.) Record the analyzer responses for the zero and mid-level calibration gases and determine the difference between the instrument responses for each gas prior to and after the emission test run using the equation in section 12.4. If the drift values exceed the specified limits (section 13), invalidate the test results preceding the check and repeat the test following corrections to the measurement system. Alternatively, recalibrate the test measurement system as in section 8.5.1 and report the results using both sets of calibration data (i.e., data determined prior to the test period and data determined following the test period). Note: If using an FTIR for the analytical instrument, you may choose to follow the post-test calibration procedures of Method 320 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 63 (section 8.11.2) in lieu of the above procedures.

8.6 Ambient Air Sampling (Optional). Sampling the ambient air surrounding the enclosure is optional. However, taking these samples during the capture efficiency testing will identify those areas of the enclosure that may be performing less efficiently.

8.6.1 Location of Ambient Samples Outside the Enclosure (Optional). In selecting the sampling locations for collecting samples of the ambient air surrounding the enclosure, consider potential leak points, the direction of the release, and laminar flow characteristics in the area surrounding the enclosure. Samples should be collected from all sides of the enclosure, downstream in the prevailing room air flow, and in the operating personnel occupancy areas.

8.6.2 Collection of Ambient Samples (Optional). During the tracer gas release, collect ambient samples from the area surrounding the enclosure perimeter at predetermined location using disposable syringes or some other type of containers that are non-absorbent, inert, and that have low permeability (i.e., polyvinyl fluoride film or polyester film sample bags or polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon or glass bottles). The use of disposable syringes allows samples to be injected directly into a gas chromatograph. Concentration measurements taken around the perimeter of the enclosure provide evidence of capture performance and will assist in the identification of those areas of the enclosure that are performing less efficiently.

8.6.3 Analysis and Storage of Ambient Samples (Optional). Analyze the ambient samples using an analytical instrument calibrated and operated according to the procedures in this appendix or ASTM E 260 and ASTM E 697. Samples may be analyzed immediately after a sample is taken, or they may be stored for future analysis. Experience has shown no degradation of concentration in polypropylene syringes when stored for several months as long as the needle or syringe is plugged. Polypropylene syringes should be discarded after one use to eliminate the possibility of cross contamination of samples.

9.1 Sampling, System Leak Check. A sampling system leak check should be conducted prior to and after each test run to ensure the integrity of the sampling system.

9.2 Zero and Calibration Drift Tests.

10.1 Control Device Inlet Air Flow Rate Measurement Equipment. Follow the equipment calibration requirements specified in Methods 2, 3, and 4 (appendix A to 40 CFR part 60) for measuring the velocity, molecular weight, and moisture of the control device inlet air.

10.2 Tracer Gas Injection Rate. A dry gas volume flow meter, mass flow meter, or orifice can be used to measure the tracer gas injection flow rate. The selected flow measurement device must have an accuracy of greater than ±5 percent at the field operating range. Prior to the test, verify the calibration of the selected flow measurement device using either a wet test meter, spirometer, or liquid displacement meter as the calibration device. Select a minimum of two flow rates to bracket the expected field operating range of the flow meter. Conduct three calibration runs at each of the two selected flow rates. For each run, note the exact quantity of gas as determined by the calibration standard and the gas volume indicated by the flow meter. For each flow rate, calculate the average percent difference of the indicated flow compared to the calibration standard.

10.3 Spectrometer. Follow the calibration requirements specified by the equipment manufacturer for infrared spectrometer measurements and conduct the pretest calibration error test specified in section 8.5.1. Note: if using an FTIR analytical instrument see Method 320, section 10 (appendix A to 40 CFR part 63).

10.4 Gas Chromatograph. Follow the pre-test calibration requirements specified in section 8.5.1.

10.5 Gas Chromatograph for Ambient Sampling (Optional). For the optional ambient sampling, follow the calibration requirements specified in section 8.5.1 or ASTM E 260 and E 697 and by the equipment manufacturer for gas chromatograph measurements.

The sample collection and analysis are concurrent for this method (see section 8.0).

12.1 Estimate MML and Span. The MML is the minimum measurement level. The selection of this level is at the discretion of the tester. However, the MML must be higher than the low-level calibration standard, and the tester must be able to measure at this level with a precision of ≤10 percent. As an example, select the MML as 10 times the instrument's published detection limit. The detection limit of one instrument is 0.01 parts per million by volume (ppmv). Therefore, the MML would be 0.10 ppmv. Select the low-level calibration standard as 0.08 ppmv. The high-level standard would be four times the low-level standard or 0.32 ppmv. A reasonable mid-level standard would then be 0.20 ppmv (halfway between the low-level standard and the high-level standard). Finally, the span value would be approximately 0.40 ppmv (the high-level value is 80 percent of the span). In this example, the following MML, calibration standards, and span values would apply:

12.2 Estimate Tracer Gas Injection Rate for the Given Span. To estimate the minimum and maximum tracer gas injection rate, assume a worst case capture efficiency of 80 percent, and calculate the tracer gas flow rate based on known or measured parameters. To estimate the minimum tracer gas injection rate, assume that the MML concentration (10 times the IR detection limit in this example) is desired at the measurement location. The following equation can be used to estimate the minimum tracer gas injection rate:

Standard conditions: 20 °C, 760 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

To estimate the maximum tracer gas injection rate, assume that the span value is desired at the measurement location. The following equation can be used to estimate the maximum tracer gas injection rate:

The following example illustrates this calculation procedure:

Find the range of volumetric flow rate of tracer gas to be injected when the following parameters are known:

QT-MAX = 1.25 × 0.40 × (60,000/2) × 10−4 = 1.5 scfm

In this example, the estimated total volumetric flow rate of the two percent SF6 tracer gas injected through the manifolds in the enclosure lies between 0.375 and 1.5 scfm.

12.3 Calibration Error. Calculate the calibration error for the low-level and mid-level calibration gases using the following equation:

Err = |Cstd−Cmeas| ÷ Cstd × 100

12.4 Calibration Drift. Calculate the calibration drift for the zero and low-level calibration gases using the following equation:

12.5 Calculate Capture Efficiency. The equation to calculate enclosure capture efficiency is provided below:

12.6 Calculate Overall Capture Efficiency. After calculating the capture efficiency for each of the initial three test runs, follow the procedures in 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, appendix A, to determine if the results of the testing can be used in determining compliance with the requirements of the rule. There are two methods that can be used: the DQO and LCL methods. The DQO method is described in section 3 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, appendix A, and provides a measure of the precision of the capture efficiency testing conducted. Section 3 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, appendix A, provides an example calculation using results from a facility. If the DQO criteria are met using the first set of three test runs, then the facility can use the average capture efficiency of these test results to determine the capture efficiency of the enclosure. If the DQO criteria are not met, then the facility can conduct another set of three runs and run the DQO analysis again using the results from the six runs OR the facility can elect to use the LCL approach.

The LCL method is described in section 4 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart KK, appendix A, and provides sources that may be performing much better than their regulatory requirement, a screening option by which they can demonstrate compliance. The LCL approach compares the 80 percent lower confidence limit for the mean measured CE value to the applicable regulatory requirement. If the LCL capture efficiency is higher than the applicable limit, then the facility is in initial compliance and would use the LCL capture efficiency as the capture efficiency to determine compliance. If the LCL capture efficiency is lower than the applicable limit, then the facility must perform additional test runs and re-run the DQO or LCL analysis.

13.1 Measurement System Performance Specifications.

13.1.1 Zero Drift. Less than ±3 percent of the span value.

13.1.2 Calibration Drift. Less than ±3 percent of the span value.

13.1.3 Calibration Error. Less than ±5 percent of the calibration gas value.

13.2 Flow Measurement Specifications. The mass flow, volumetric flow, or critical orifice control meter used should have an accuracy of greater than ±5 percent at the flow rate used.

13.3 Calibration and Tracer Gas Specifications. The manufacturer of the calibration and tracer gases should provide a recommended shelf life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the concentration does not change more than ±2 percent from the certified value.

1. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, EPA Method 1—Sample and velocity traverses for stationary sources.

2. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, EPA Method 2—Determination of stack gas velocity and volumetric flow rate.

3. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, EPA Method 3—Gas analysis for the determination of dry molecular weight.

4. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, EPA Method 4—Determination of moisture content in stack gases.

5. SEMI F15-93 Test Method for Enclosures Using Sulfur Hexafluoride Tracer Gas and Gas Chromotography.

6. Memorandum from John S. Seitz, Director, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, to EPA Regional Directors, Revised Capture Efficiency Guidance for Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions, February 7, 1995. (That memorandum contains an attached technical document from Candace Sorrell, Emission Monitoring and Analysis Division, “Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency,” January 9, 1994).

7. Technical Systems Audit of Testing at Plant “C,” EPA-454/R-00-26, May 2000.

8. Material Safety Data Sheet for SF6 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Website: www3.airproducts.com. October 2001.