changes in the epidemic;

challenges facing partner countries in developing and implementing an effective national response; and

evidence-based improvements and innovations in the prevention, care, and treatment of HIV/AIDS;

prevent 12,000,000 new HIV infections worldwide;

support care for 12,000,000 individuals infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS, including 5,000,000 orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS, with an emphasis on promoting a comprehensive, coordinated system of services to be integrated throughout the continuum of care;

help partner countries in the effort to achieve goals of 80 percent access to counseling, testing, and treatment to prevent the transmission of HIV from mother to child, emphasizing a continuum of care model;

help partner countries to provide care and treatment services to children with HIV in proportion to their percentage within the HIV-infected population in each country;

promote preservice training for health professionals designed to strengthen the capacity of institutions to develop and implement policies for training health workers to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria;

equip teachers with skills needed for HIV/AIDS prevention and support for persons with, or affected by, HIV/AIDS;

provide and share best practices for combating HIV/AIDS with health professionals;

promote pediatric HIV/AIDS training for physicians, nurses, and other health care workers, through public-private partnerships if possible, including through the designation, if appropriate, of centers of excellence for training in pediatric HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment in partner countries; and

help partner countries to train and support retention of health care professionals and paraprofessionals, with the target of training and retaining at least 140,000 new health care professionals and paraprofessionals with an emphasis on training and in country deployment of critically needed doctors and nurses and to strengthen capacities in developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, to deliver primary health care with the objective of helping countries achieve staffing levels of at least 2.3 doctors, nurses, and midwives per 1,000 population, as called for by the World Health Organization;

promoting abstinence from sexual activity and encouraging monogamy and faithfulness;

encouraging the correct and consistent use of male and female condoms and increasing the availability of, and access to, these commodities;

promoting the delay of sexual debut and the reduction of multiple concurrent sexual partners;

promoting education for discordant couples (where an individual is infected with HIV and the other individual is uninfected or whose status is unknown) about safer sex practices;

promoting voluntary counseling and testing, addiction therapy, and other prevention and treatment tools for illicit injection drug users and other substance abusers;

educating men and boys about the risks of procuring sex commercially and about the need to end violent behavior toward women and girls;

supporting partner country and community efforts to identify and address social, economic, or cultural factors, such as migration, urbanization, conflict, gender-based violence, lack of empowerment for women, and transportation patterns, which directly contribute to the transmission of HIV;

supporting comprehensive programs to promote alternative livelihoods, safety, and social reintegration strategies for commercial sex workers and their families;

promoting cooperation with law enforcement to prosecute offenders of trafficking, rape, and sexual assault crimes with the goal of eliminating such crimes; and

working to eliminate rape, gender-based violence, sexual assault, and the sexual exploitation of women and children;

medical male circumcision;

the maintenance of a safe blood supply;

promoting universal precautions in formal and informal health care settings;

educating the public to recognize and to avoid risks to contract HIV through blood exposures during formal and informal health care and cosmetic services;

investigating suspected nosocomial infections to identify and stop further nosocomial transmission; and

other mechanisms to reduce the transmission of HIV;

drafting compacts or other agreements, as appropriate;

establishing criteria and objectives for such compacts and agreements; and

promoting sustainability;

addresses the vulnerabilities that contribute to their elevated risk of infection;

includes specific goals and targets to address these factors;

provides clear guidance to field missions to integrate gender across prevention, care, and treatment programs;

sets forth gender-specific indicators to monitor progress on outcomes and impacts of gender programs;

supports efforts in countries in which women or orphans lack inheritance rights and other fundamental protections to promote the passage, implementation, and enforcement of such laws;

supports life skills training, especially among women and girls, with the goal of reducing vulnerabilities to HIV/AIDS;

addresses and prevents gender-based violence; and

addresses the posttraumatic and psychosocial consequences and provides postexposure prophylaxis protecting against HIV infection to victims of gender-based violence and rape;

determine the local factors that may put men and boys at elevated risk of contracting or transmitting HIV;

address male norms and behaviors to reduce these risks, including by reducing alcohol abuse;

promote responsible male behavior; and

promote male participation and leadership at the community level in efforts to promote HIV prevention, reduce stigma, promote participation in voluntary counseling and testing, and provide care, treatment, and support for persons with HIV/AIDS;

reviewing the planning and programmatic decisions associated with that assistance; and

helping to strengthen such national strategies, if necessary;

expanding and enhancing the coverage of the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) in order to treat individuals infected with tuberculosis and HIV, including multi-drug resistant or extensively drug resistant tuberculosis; and

improving coordination and integration of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis programming;

The purpose, scope, methodology, and general and specific objectives of the strategy.

The problems, risks, and threats to the successful pursuit of the strategy.

The desired goals, objectives, activities, and outcome-related performance measures of the strategy.

A description of future costs and resources needed to carry out the strategy.

A delineation of United States Government roles, responsibility, and coordination mechanisms of the strategy.

A description of how the strategy will seek to achieve the specific targets described in subsection (a) and other targets, as appropriate.

A description of, and rationale for, the timetable for annual global treatment targets with country-level estimates of numbers of persons in need of antiretroviral treatment, country-level benchmarks for United States support for assistance for antiretroviral treatment, and numbers of persons enrolled in antiretroviral treatment programs receiving United States support. If global benchmarks are not achieved within the reporting period, the report shall include a description of steps being taken to ensure that global benchmarks will be achieved and a detailed breakdown and justification of spending priorities in countries in which benchmarks are not being met, including a description of other donor or national support for antiretroviral treatment in the country, if appropriate.

An analysis of United States-assisted strategies to prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS, including methodologies to promote abstinence, monogamy, faithfulness, the correct and consistent use of male and female condoms, reductions in concurrent sexual partners, and delay of sexual debut, and of intended monitoring and evaluation approaches to measure the effectiveness of prevention programs and ensure that they are targeted to appropriate audiences.

Within the analysis required under subparagraph (K), an examination of additional planned means of preventing the transmission of HIV including medical male circumcision, maintenance of a safe blood supply, public education about risks to acquire HIV infection from blood exposures, promotion of universal precautions, investigation of suspected nosocomial infections and other tools.

A description of efforts to assist partner country and community to identify and address social, economic, or cultural factors, such as migration, urbanization, conflict, gender-based violence, lack of empowerment for women, and transportation patterns, which directly contribute to the transmission of HIV.

A description of strategies to address male norms and behaviors that contribute to the transmission of HIV, to promote responsible male behavior, and to promote male participation and leadership in HIV/AIDS prevention, care, treatment, and voluntary counseling and testing.

A description of capacity-building efforts undertaken by countries themselves, including adherents of the Abuja Declaration and an assessment of the impact of International Monetary Fund macroeconomic and fiscal policies on national and donor investments in health.

A strategy to better coordinate HIV/AIDS assistance with nutrition and food assistance programs.

A description of transnational or regional initiatives to combat regionalized epidemics in highly affected areas such as the Caribbean.

A description of planned resource distribution and global investment by region.

A description of coordination efforts in order to better implement the Stop TB Strategy and to address the problem of coinfection of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis and of projected challenges or barriers to successful implementation.

A description of coordination efforts to address malaria and comorbidity with malaria and HIV/AIDS.

a description and assessment of the monitoring and evaluation practices and policies in place for these programs;

an assessment of coordination within Federal agencies involved in these programs, examining both internal coordination within these programs and integration with the larger global health and development agenda of the United States;

an assessment of procurement policies and practices within these programs;

an assessment of harmonization with national government HIV/AIDS and public health strategies as well as other international efforts;

an assessment of the impact of global HIV/AIDS funding and programs on other United States global health programming; and

recommendations for improving the global HIV/AIDS programs of the United States.

the Government Accountability Office; and

the Inspectors General of the Department of Commerce, the Department of Defense, the Department of Labor, and the Peace Corps, as appropriate, pursuant to the 2004 Memorandum of Agreement Coordinating Audit Coverage of Programs and Activities Implementing the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, or any successor agreement.

represents a range of countries and service environments;

estimates the per-patient cost of antiretroviral HIV/AIDS treatment and the care of people with HIV/AIDS not receiving antiretroviral treatment, including a comparison of the costs for equivalent services provided by programs not receiving assistance under this chapter;

A plan for conducting cost studies of United States assistance under section 2151b–2 of this title in partner countries, taking into account the goal for more systematic collection of data, as well as the demands of such analysis on available human and fiscal resources.