15 USC 2233 - Removal of civil liability barriers that discourage the donation of fire equipment to volunteer fire companies

U.S Code last checked for updates: Jan 09, 2026

§ 2233.

Removal of civil liability barriers that discourage the donation of fire equipment to volunteer fire companies

(a)

Liability protection

(b)

Exceptions

Subsection (a) does not apply to a person if—

(1)

the person’s act or omission causing the injury, damage, loss, or death constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct;

(2)

the person is the manufacturer of the qualified fire control or rescue equipment; or

(3)

the person or agency modified or altered the equipment after it had been recertified by an authorized technician as meeting the manufacturer’s specifications.

(c)

Preemption

(d)

Definitions

In this section:

(1)

Person

(2)

Fire control or rescue equipment

(3)

(4)

State

(5)

Volunteer fire company

(6)

Authorized technician

(e)

Effective date

(Pub. L. 109–177, title I, § 125, Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 226.)

cite as: 15 USC 2233