appropriate law enforcement, fire service, emergency response, security, and terrorism experts;

railroad carriers;

railroad shippers; and

nonprofit employee labor organizations representing railroad employees or emergency response personnel.

Determination of the seriousness of any occurrence or threat.

Crew and passenger communication and coordination.

Appropriate responses to defend or protect oneself.

Use of personal and other protective equipment.

Evacuation procedures for passengers and railroad employees, including individuals with disabilities and the elderly.

Psychology, behavior, and methods of terrorists, including observation and analysis.

Training related to psychological responses to terrorist incidents, including the ability to cope with hijacker behavior and passenger responses.

Live situational training exercises regarding various threat conditions, including tunnel evacuation procedures.

Recognition and reporting of dangerous substances, suspicious packages, and situations.

Understanding security incident procedures, including procedures for communicating with governmental and nongovernmental emergency response providers and for on-scene interaction with such emergency response providers.

Operation and maintenance of security equipment and systems.

Other security training activities that the Secretary considers appropriate.