The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is Pub. L. 95–608, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3069, which is classified generally to chapter 21 (§ 1901 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1901 of Title 25 and Tables.

A prior section 435 of act Aug. 14, 1935, was classified to section 635 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–485.

2025—Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(g), inserted before semicolon “including community-based partners with expertise in preventing unnecessary child welfare system involvement”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 118–258, § 115(a), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) related to evaluation, research, and technical assistance with respect to targeted program resources.

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 118–258, § 105(e), added par. (6).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 118–258, § 108(a), added subsec. (f).

2018—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–271 added subsec. (e).

2006—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–288, § 4(c), amended heading and text of subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) related to topics for research and evaluation.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–288, § 5(b)(3)(C), inserted “or tribal consortia” after “Indian tribes” in introductory provisions.

2002—Pub. L. 107–133, § 105(1), substituted “Evaluations; research; technical assistance” for “Evaluations” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–133, § 105(1), substituted “The Secretary shall evaluate and report to the Congress biennially on” for “The Secretary shall evaluate”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 107–133, § 105(2), added par. (3).

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 107–133, § 105(3), added subsecs. (c) and (d).

Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–288 effective Oct. 1, 2006, and applicable to payments under this part and part E of this subchapter for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, without regard to whether implementing regulations have been promulgated, and with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional requirements, see section 12(a), (b) of Pub. L. 109–288, set out as a note under section 621 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–133 effective Jan. 17, 2002, with delay permitted if State legislation is required, see section 301 of Pub. L. 107–133, set out as a note under section 629 of this title.