This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to “this title” meaning title XIII of Pub. L. 90–448, Aug. 1, 1968, 82 Stat. 572, known as the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4001 of this title and Tables.

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is act June 6, 1934, ch. 404, 48 Stat. 881, which is classified principally to chapter 2B (§ 78a et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 78a of Title 15 and Tables.

2012—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 112–141, § 100238(b)(1), substituted “Administrator” for “Director”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 112–141, § 100232(d)(5), substituted “include any organization or person that is authorized to engage in the business of insurance under the laws of any State, subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 pursuant to section 13(a) or 15(d) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 78m(a) and 78o(d)), or authorized by the Administrator to assume reinsurance on risks insured by the flood insurance program;” for “include any organizations and persons authorized to engage in the insurance business under the laws of any State;”.

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 112–141, § 100238(b)(1), substituted “Administrator” for “Director” in two places.

Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 112–141, § 100238(b)(3), struck out “the Office of Thrift Supervision,” after “the Comptroller of the Currency,”.

Subsecs. (a)(15), (b), (c). Pub. L. 112–141, § 100238(b)(1), substituted “Administrator” for “Director”.

2004—Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 108–264, § 105(b)(1), added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: “the term ‘repetitive loss structure’ means a structure covered by a contract for flood insurance under this chapter that has incurred flood-related damage on 2 occasions during a 10-year period ending on the date of the event for which a second claim is made, in which the cost of repair, on the average, equaled or exceeded 25 percent of the value of the structure at the time of each such flood event;”.

Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 108–264, § 105(b)(2)–(4), added par. (15).

1994—Subsec. (a)(7) to (14). Pub. L. 103–325 added pars. (7) to (14).

1988—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 100–628 substituted “subsection (a)(1)” for “paragraph (1)”.

1983—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–181, § 451(d)(1), substituted “Director” for “Secretary”.

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 98–181, § 451(d)(8), substituted definition of “Director” as the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency for definition of “Secretary” as the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 98–181, § 451(d)(1), substituted “Director” for “Secretary”.

1973—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–234, § 107, inserted “proximately” before “caused”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93–234, § 108(b), added subsec. (c).

1969—Pub. L. 91–152 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Section effective 120 days following Aug. 1, 1968, or such later date prescribed by the Secretary but in no event more than 180 days following Aug. 1, 1968, see section 1377 of Pub. L. 90–448, set out as a note under section 4001 of this title.

For transfer of all functions, personnel, assets, components, authorities, grant programs, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Under Secretary for Federal Emergency Management relating thereto, to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, see section 315(a)(1) of Title 6, Domestic Security.

For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including the functions of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see former section 313(1) and sections 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.

For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.