The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.

The Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), is act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, 66 Stat. 163, which is classified principally to chapter 12 (§ 1101 et seq.) of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1101 of Title 8 and Tables.

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§ 2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§ 2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.

The Export Control Reform Act of 2018, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is subtitle B (§§ 1741–1781) of title XVII of div. A of Pub. L. 115–232, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2208, which is classified principally to chapter 58 (§ 4801 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4801 of Title 50 and Tables.

Pub. L. 119–60, div. H, title LXXXIII, § 8354, Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1883, provided that: “Nothing in this title [probably means this subtitle, subtitle D (§§ 8351–8354) of title LXXXII of Pub. L. 119–60, enacting this section and provisions set out as a note under section 1741 of this title] or the amendments made by this title may be construed as preventing the freedom of travel of United States citizens.”